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. 2016 Jul 6;11(7):e0157556. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157556

Fig 11. Relationships of Abdounodus and paenungulates.

Fig 11

Most parsimonious tree resulting from analysis with implied weighting and ordered features. This tree is in this work our reference topology for the discussion of the relationships of Abdounodus and Ocepeia and of the distribution of the characters. Main upper molar patterns are outlined at the node of lophodont taxa (incl. early stages) to show the convergent development of the pseudohypocone in the Paenungulatomorpha and the hypocone in the Perissodactyla and other lophodont euungulates such as Anthracobunidae. See Fig 9 for caption of symbols of dental structures. Details, Bremer index and distribution of synapomorphies of this tree are provided in S2 Fig and S2 Text (part III.2). The clades numbers are reported above the nodes. Tree length: 746. Retention index: 52. Consistency Index: 33.