. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 24.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Clin Nutr. 2016 Feb 24;70(7):802–807. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2016.8

Table 2.

Cross-sectional associations between the Mediterranean diet score and glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors

	Partially adjusted Model 1^a			Fully adjusted Model 2^b			HbA1c as a mediator: Model 3^c			BMI z score as a mediator: Model 4^d
	β^e	SE	P^f	β^e	SE	P^f	β^e	SE	P^f	β^e	SE	P^f
Log HbA1c, %	−0.01	0.01	0.42	−0.02	0.01	0.02				−0.02	0.01	0.04
Lipids
Total Cholesterol, mg/dL	−3.59	1.33	0.007	−4.04	1.46	0.006	−3.17	1.40	0.02	−3.71	1.47	0.01
LDL Cholesterol, mg/dL	−3.11	1.08	0.004	−3.39	1.19	0.004	−2.80	1.16	0.02	−3.16	1.20	0.008
HDL Cholesterol, mg/dL	−0.26	0.46	0.58	−0.18	0.51	0.73	−0.02	0.50	0.97	−0.04	0.50	0.94
LDL/HDL ratio	−0.05	0.03	0.03	−0.07	0.03	0.02	−0.06	0.03	0.03	−0.07	0.03	0.01
Non-HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	−3.34	1.21	0.006	−3.86	1.32	0.004	−3.15	1.28	0.01	−3.67	1.33	0.006
Log triglycerides, mg/dL	−0.01	0.02	0.68	−0.02	0.02	0.34	−0.01	0.02	0.54	−0.02	0.02	0.27
Apolipoprotein B, mg/dL	−1.22	1.01	0.23	−0.82	1.08	0.45	−0.60	1.01	0.55	−0.54	1.09	0.62
BP^g
Systolic BP, mm Hg
P for interaction			0.04			0.03			0.03			0.02
Non-Hispanic white	0.98	0.44	0.03	1.21	0.46	0.009	1.25	0.47	0.008	1.18	0.45	0.009
Other	−0.91	0.81	0.26	−0.83	0.87	0.34	−0.90	0.88	0.30	−1.07	0.85	0.21
Diastolic BP, mm Hg	0.14	0.37	0.72	0.57	0.40	0.16	0.59	0.42	0.16	0.53	0.40	0.19
Obesity
BMI z score	0.02	0.04	0.56	0.05	0.04	0.22	0.06	0.04	0.19
Waist circumference, cm	−0.10	0.43	0.83	0.20	0.46	0.67	0.33	0.48	0.50

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SE, standard error.

Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, race, diabetes duration, parental education, family income, parental history of diabetes, clinical site.

Model 2, model 1 + physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking, total calories, insulin regimen, daily insulin dose per kilogram.

Model 3, model 2 + HbA1c.

Model 4, model 2 + BMI z score.

β for 2 points increment in mKIDMED score.

P value of 0.05 or less was highlighted in bold.

Height was additionally adjusted for BP.