Urinary ammonia and pH response to metabolic acidosis. Top: change in urinary ammonia excretion in response to HCl-induced metabolic acidosis over basal excretion. During days 5–7 of acid loading, the increase in ammonia excretion was significantly less in mice with PT-GS-KO than in control mice. However, during the initial phase of acid loading, there was no significant difference in the increase in urinary ammonia excretion in mice with PT-GS-KO. Bottom: urine pH in response to HCl-induced metabolic acidosis. On almost all days of acid loading, with the exception of day 5, urinary pH did not differ significantly between control and PT-GS-KO mice. Values are means ± SE; n = 12 mice/genotype. *P < 0.05 vs. control mice.