Table 2.
Treatment characteristics by site of presentation.
| Characteristic | Treatment by site* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neck° (n=16) | Paranasal sinus# (n=3) | Scalp/face (n=27) | Supraclavicular (n=2) | Total (N=48) | |
| Treatment | |||||
| Trimodality | 3 (18.8) | 2 (66.7) | 8 (29.6) | 1 (50.0) | 14 (29.2) |
| Surgery and RT | 13 (81.3) | 1 (33.3) | 15 (55.6) | 1 (50.0) | 30 (62.5) |
| RT alone | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Chemotherapy and RT | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Timing of RT | |||||
| Definitive | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (8.3) |
| Preoperative | 4 (25.0) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (14.8) | 1 (50.0) | 10 (20.8) |
| Postoperative | 12 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 19 (70.4) | 1 (50.0) | 34 (70.8) |
| Type of closure | |||||
| Report unavailable | 1 (6.3) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Nonoperative | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (8.3) |
| Primary closure | 10 (62.5) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (29.6) | 2 (100.0) | 20 (41.7) |
| Skin graft | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (12.5) |
| Pedicle flap | 4 (25.0) | 1 (33.3) | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (18.8) |
| Free flap | 1 (6.3) | 1 (33.3) | 5 (18.5) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (14.6) |
| Margin | |||||
| Nonoperative | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (14.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (8.3) |
| Negative | 15 (93.8) | 2 (66.6) | 22 (81.5) | 2 (100.0) | 41 (85.4) |
| Positive | 1 (6.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.2) |
| Gross positive | 0 (0.0) | 1 (33.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.1) |
| Type of RT | |||||
| IMRT | 7 (43.8) | 3 (100.0) | 17 (63.0) | 1 (50.0) | 28 (58.3) |
| Electrons | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (18.5) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (10.4) |
| 3-D conformal | 9 (56.3) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (18.5) | 1 (50.0) | 15 (31.3) |
| Preoperative EBRT dose, Gy | |||||
| Median | 50.4 | 50.4 | 58.8 | 39.6 | 50.4 |
| Range | (50.0-56.3) | (50.4-50.4) | (50.0-66.0) | (39.6-39.6) | (39.6-66.0) |
| Postoperative EBRT dose, Gy | |||||
| Median | 61.0 | 59.4 | 60.0 | 63.0 | 60.0 |
| Range | (56.3-70.0) | (55.8-59.4) | (59.4-70.0) | (63.0-63.0) | (55.8-70.0) |
| Definitive | |||||
| Median | NA | NA | 66.0 | NA | 66.0 |
| Range | (60.0-70.0) | (60.0-70.0) | |||
| Dose per fraction, Gy | |||||
| Median | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
| Range | (1.8-2.3) | (1.8-1.8) | (1.8-2.4) | (1.8-2.1) | (1.8-2.4) |
| ENI | |||||
| Yes | 5 (31.2) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (14.8) | 1 (50.0) | 10 (20.8) |
| No | 11 (68.8) | 3 (100.0) | 23 (85.2) | 1 (50.0) | 38 (70.2) |
| RT treatment time, days | |||||
| Median | 43 | 39 | 43 | 34.5 | 42.5 |
| Range | (34-49) | (38-46) | (32-50) | (31-38) | (31-50) |
EBRT, external beam radiation therapy; ENI, elective nodal irradiation; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiation therapy; NA, not applicable; RT, radiation therapy; 3-D, 3-dimensional.
*Values are presented as number and percentage of patients unless specified otherwise.
°Two patients with neck disease received intraoperative RT (10 and 11 Gy) after a course of preoperative RT.
#One patient with paranasal sinus disease was treated with 20 Gy postoperative radiosurgery with Gamma Knife.