Table 1. Study characteristics of 22 included studies of the association between statins use and biochemical recurrence risk of PCa after definitive therapy.
| Study (year) | Country | Primary treatment(s) | No. of patients | No. of patients on statins | No. of recurrence patients | ADT (%) | Estimate(s)(95% confidence interval, CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moyad et al. (2006)8 | US | brachytherapy+EBRT | 938 | 191 | 39 | 40.7 | HR:1.5 (0.33–6.94) |
| Soto et al. (2009)9 | US | 3D-RT or IMRT | 968 | 220 | NR | 28.9 | HR:1.1 (0.8–1.6) |
| Rioja et al. (2010)10 | US | RP | 3748 | 2664 | 249 | 0.0 | HR:1.15 (0.89–1.50) |
| Gutt et al. (2010)11 | US | brachytherapy+EBRT | 691 | 189 | 113 | 41.0 | HR:0.43(0.25–0.73) |
| Hamilton et al. (2010)12 | US | RP | 1319 | 236 | 304 | 18.0 | HR:0.70 (0.50–0.97) |
| Krane et al. (2010)13 | US | rRP | 3828 | 1031 | NR | 1.5 | HR:0.99 (0.83–1.18) |
| Kollmeier et al. (2011)14 | US | 3D-RT or IMRT | 1681 | 382 | 301 | 56.0 | HR:0.69 (0.50–0.97) |
| Ku et al. (2011)15 | Korean | RRP | 687 | 87 | 145 | 0.0 | HR:1.18 (0.67–2.10) |
| Mondul et al. (2011)16 | US | RRP | 2399 | 779 | 127 | 0.0 | HR:0.99 (0.64–1.55) |
| Ritch et al. (2011)17 | US | RP | 1261 | 281 | NR | 0.0 | HR:1.54 (1.00–2.20) |
| Zaorsky et al. (2012)18 | US | 3D-CRT+IMRT | 2051 | 691 | 177 | 0.0 | HR:0.63 (0.49–0.82) |
| Mass et al. (2012)19 | US | ORRP | 1446 | 437 | 166 | NR | HR:1.15 (0.82–1.61) |
| Rieken et al. (2013)20 | Multicenter | RP | 6842 | 2275 | 778 | 0.0 | HR:0.88 (0.76–1.03) |
| Kontraros et al. (2013)21 | Greece | RP | 588 | 107 | 187 | 0.0 | HR:1.63 (1.19–2.24) |
| Geybels et al. (2013)22 | US | RP, RT | 1001 | 289 | 151 | NR | HR:1.06 (0.74–1.54) |
| Chao et al. (2013)24 | US | EBRT | 774 | 401 | 145 | 67.0 | HR:0.99 (0.70–1.39) |
| Chao et al. (2013)24 | US | RP | 1184 | 446 | 156 | 0.0 | HR:1.00 (0.72–1.39) |
| Oh et al. (2014)25 | US | Brachytherapy+EBRT | 247 | 174 | 18 | 25.9 | HR:0.29 (0.09–0.89) |
| ishak-Howard et al. (2014)26 | US | RRP | 539 | 258 | 115 | NR | HR:1.06 (0.68–1.64) |
| Allott et al. (2014)27 | US | RP | 1146 | 400 | 402 | 0.0 | HR:0.64 (0.47–0.87) |
| Danzig et al. (2015)29 | US | RP | 669 | 76 | 147 | 0.0 | HR:1.20 (1.50–2.60) |
| Song et al. (2015)28 | Korea | rRP or ORRP | 1896 | 211 | 466 | 0.0 | HR:0.64 (0.40–1.05) |
Note: XRT, external beam radiotherapy (XRT); RRP, radical retropubic prostatectomy; 3D-CRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; IMRT, intensity modulated radiation therapy; ORRP, open radical retropubic prostatectomy; rRP, robotic radical prostatectomy.