Table 1.

Selected Echocardiographic Measurements^a

Echocardiographic modality	Measurements
B-mode	LV end-diastolic dimension
	LV end-systolic dimension
	LV wall thickness (septal)
	LV wall thickness (posterior wall)
	Shortening fraction
	Ejection fraction
	Fractional area shortening
	LV mass
	Vessel diameters
	Intima-media thickness
Spectral Doppler	Heart rate
	Isovolumic contraction time
	Isovolumic relaxation time
	Ejection time (LV, RV)
	Myocardial performance (Tei) index (MPI)
	Velocity-time integral
	E and A waves (trans-mitral flow)
	Peak flow velocity (aortic, pulmonary, umbilical artery/vein, other)
Color Doppler flow mapping	Atrioventricular valve regurgitation
	Outflow tract (aortic, pulmonary) valve regurgitation
	Valvular stenosis, obstruction
	Transverse aortic constriction
Derived parameters (combination of other measurements)	Stroke volume
	Cardia output
	Coronary flow reserves
Strain and strain rate	Peak segmental strain
	Peak segmental strain rate
	Peak global strain
	Peak global strain rate
	Time to peak strain

^aPhoon et al., 2000; Phoon et al., 2002; Phoon and Turnbull, 2003; Liu and Rigel, 2009; Gao et al., 2011; Ram et al., 2011; Fayssoil et al., 2013; Moran et al., 2013.