Table 3. Coefficients in general linear models to estimate the effects of toothbrushing frequency on fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour plasma glucose, and hemoglobin A1c*.
| Toothbrushing frequency | Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) |
2-hour plasma glucose (mmol/L) |
Hemoglobin A1c (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient (%) | p value | Coefficient (%) | p value | Coefficient (%) | p value | ||
| Models for urban residents | At least twice a day | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Once a day | 0.31(0.14, 0.48) | <0.01 | 0.19(−0.23, 0.60) | 0.37 | 0.12(0.03, 0.22) | <0.01 | |
| Rarely or never | 0.50(0.10, 0.90) | 0.02 | 0.70(−0.27, 1.66) | 0.16 | 0.26(0.04, 0.47) | 0.02 | |
| Models for rural residents | At least twice a day | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Once a day | 0.19(0.01, 0.36) | 0.03 | 0.34(−0.12, 0.79) | 0.15 | 0.09(0.00, 0.18) | 0.04 | |
| Rarely or never | 0.26(0.05, 0.48) | 0.02 | 0.44(−0.14, 1.02) | 0.14 | 0.20(0.09, 0.31) | <0.01 | |
*Models were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, education, household income per capita, lifestyle risk factors, BMI, time since last dental visit, hypertension and waist circumference.