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. 2016 Jun 27;17(4):445–462. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2016.17.4.445

Fig. 5. Principle of TKE estimation.

Fig. 5

TKE estimation is based on relationship between intravoxel velocity distribution and MR signal from standard PC-MRI scan. Therefore, TKE can be quantified from quantification of magnitude difference under velocity gradient. IVSD = intra-voxel standard deviation, PC = phase-contrast, TKE = turbulent kinetic energy