TABLE 3.
Electrographic seizure predictors
| Variable | Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis no. 1*
|
Multivariate analysis no. 2*
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No seizures | Seizures | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Gender | .80 | ||||||
| Male | 85 (92%) | 7 (8%) | |||||
| Female | 63 (91%) | 6 (9%) | |||||
| Gestational age (wk) | 39 (38–39) | 37 (37–39) | .42 | ||||
| Identified genetic abnormality | .55 | ||||||
| None | 128 (91%) | 12 (9%) | |||||
| Present | 20 (95%) | 1 (5%) | |||||
| Age at surgery (d) | 5 (3–7) | 3 (2–5) | .05 | 0.91 (0.74–1.11) | .36 | 0.93 (0.77–1.28) | .47 |
| Cardiac defect | .14 | ||||||
| Class I | 65 (96%) | 3 (4%) | 0.46 (0.10–2.18) | .33 | 1.09 (0.18–6.67) | .93 | |
| Class II | 33 (94%) | 2 (6%) | 0.49 (0.08–2.87) | .43 | 0.41 (0.07–2.43) | .33 | |
| Class III | 14 (93%) | 1 (7%) | 0.76 (0.07–7.83) | .82 | 2.28 (0.14–35.06) | .56 | |
| Class IV | 36 (84%) | 7 (16%) | — | — | |||
| Operation | .42 | ||||||
| Stage 1 Norwood Operation | 37 (86%) | 6 (14%) | |||||
| Arterial switch operation | 24 (96%) | 1 (4%) | |||||
| Systemic to pulmonary artery shunt | 16 (94%) | 1 (6%) | |||||
| Complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot | 14 (100%) | 0 (0%) | |||||
| Truncus arteriosus repair | 11 (92%) | 1 (8%) | |||||
| Delayed sternal closure | .002 | 3.99 (1.04–15.29) | .04 | * | * | ||
| No | 128 (95%) | 7 (5%) | |||||
| Yes | 20 (77%) | 6 (23%) | |||||
| Duration of DHCA (min) | 21 (0–42) | 47 (36–49) | .01 | * | * | 1.04 (1.00–1.08) | .04 |
| Duration of CPB (min) | 45 (38–60) | 62 (42–77) | .24 | ||||
| ECMO* | .015 | † | |||||
| No | 140 (93%) | 10 (7%) | |||||
| Yes | 9 (73%) | 3 (27%) | |||||
| Cardiac arrest* | .006 | † | |||||
| No | 137 (94%) | 9 (6%) | |||||
| Yes | 11 (73%) | 4 (27%) | |||||
Number (%) and median (IQR) are reported as appropriate. Boldface indicates statistical significance. OR, Odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; DHCA, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
*
Delayed sternal closure and DHCA duration were highly correlated, so multivariate analysis included only delayed sternal closure (multivariable analysis no. 1) or DHCA duration (multivariable analysis no. 2).
†
ECMO and cardiac arrest were not included in the multivariable analysis because these variables would not be known at the time of return to the CICU and therefore could not be used to help decide whether EEG monitoring was indicated.