Table 3.
SCFA production by GC in the pH-controlled and volume-controlled batch cultures at 0, 4, 8 and 24 h of fermentation† (Mean of the data of three experiments and standard deviations)
| Acetate (mm) | Propionate (mm) | Butyrate (mm) | Branched (mm) | Total (mm) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substrates | Time (h) | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd | Mean | sd |
| 0 | 26·77 | 22·13 | 6·50 | 7·25 | 4·63 | 5·11 | 15·60 | 17·26 | 53·49 | 51·53 | |
| 52 % B-GOS (1 g) | 4 | 30·96 | 18·64 | 6·43 | 8·32 | 4·44 | 6·92 | 16·08 | 11·36 | 57·92 | 56·63 |
| 8 | 28·39 | 6·91 | 2·59 | 0·76 | 0·95 | 0·47 | 3·13 | 1·42 | 35·06 | 6·89 | |
| 24 | 17·14 | 0·1 | 1·06 | 0·1 | 0·55 | 0·1 | 0·22 | 0·1 | 18·98 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 17·27 | 8·37 | 3·63 | 3·42 | 2·57 | 2·61 | 8·81 | 9·28 | 32·28 | 23·49 | |
| 52 % B-GOS (0·5 g) | 4 | 28·33 | 19·27 | 4·67 | 6·09 | 2·29 | 3·41 | 7·71 | 11·36 | 43·01 | 40·13 |
| 8 | 31·25 | 15·30 | 2·11 | 1·65 | 0·80 | 0·51 | 1·37 | 0·98 | 35·52 | 18·34 | |
| 24 | 20·3 | 0·1 | 0·91 | 0·1 | 0·39 | 0·1 | 0·23 | 0·1 | 21·84 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 11·41 | 8·94 | 2·26 | 1·92 | 1·63 | 1·52 | 5·74 | 5·89 | 21·04 | 16·22 | |
| 52 % B-GOS (0·33 g) | 4 | 17·43 | 19·16 | 4·56 | 6·62 | 1·75 | 2·63 | 4·62 | 7·01 | 28·36 | 35·33 |
| 8 | 26·54 | 26·11 | 4·47 | 5·63 | 1·24 | 1·57 | 1·13 | 0·92 | 33·37 | 35·22 | |
| 24 | 26·24 | 0·1 | 0·75 | 0·1 | 0·24 | 0·1 | 0·17 | 0·1 | 27·39 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 18·29 | 10·59 | 2·33 | 2·31 | 1·32 | 1·39 | 4·69 | 4·87 | 26·63 | 19·12 | |
| 65 % B-GOS (1 g) | 4 | 38·42 | 22·17 | 4·65 | 4·45 | 1·42 | 1·91 | 4·47 | 5·65 | 48·97 | 34·11 |
| 8 | 43·37 | 28·55 | 6·81 | 5·19 | 1·21 | 0·99 | 1·47 | 1·15 | 52·82 | 33·81 | |
| 24 | 6·78 | 0·1 | 0·73** | 0·1 | 0·4 | 0·1 | 0·39 | 0·1 | 8·31 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 17·94 | 7·95 | 2·01 | 1·94 | 0·92 | 0·97 | 3·42 | 3·61 | 24·29 | 14·33 | |
| 65 % B-GOS (0·5 g) | 4 | 30·61 | 20·92 | 3·97 | 3·69 | 1·27 | 1·59 | 3·19 | 3·95 | 39·03 | 30·10 |
| 8 | 24·43 | 11·06 | 3·32 | 2·47 | 0·72 | 0·56 | 1·18 | 0·81 | 29·65 | 13·96 | |
| 24 | 21·51 | 0·1 | 0·61** | 0·1 | 0·50 | 0·1 | 0·28 | 0·1 | 22·89 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 12·29 | 5·37 | 1·33 | 1·14 | 0·58 | 0·6 | 2·1 | 2·31 | 16·3 | 9·21 | |
| 65 % B-GOS (0·33 g) | 4 | 24·68 | 15·65 | 3·39 | 3·19 | 0·84 | 1·03 | 2·14 | 2·65 | 31·05 | 22·49 |
| 8 | 27·18** | 12·41 | 3·98 | 2·72 | 0·71 | 0·48 | 1·25 | 1·02 | 33·12 | 15·48 | |
| 24 | 20·88 | 0·1 | 1·18* | 0·1 | 0·97 | 0·1 | 0·77 | 0·1 | 23·79 | 0·1 | |
| 0 | 5·28 | 5·69 | 0·71 | 0·51 | 0·36 | 0·32 | 1·15 | 1·25 | 7·5 | 5·34 | |
| Negative control | 4 | 8·68 | 5·25 | 1·68 | 0·97 | 0·61 | 0·47 | 1·3 | 1·66 | 12·31 | 8·28 |
| 8 | 18·82 | 8·74 | 2·71 | 1·47 | 0·67 | 0·12 | 0·97 | 0·84 | 23·17 | 10·64 | |
| 24 | 18·43 | 0·1 | 2·37 | 0·1 | 1·47 | 0·1 | 0·49 | 0·1 | 22·76 | 0·1 | |
B-GOS, Bimuno® galacto-oligosaccharide.
* Significantly different from 0 h with P<0·05.
** Significantly different from 0 h with P<0·01 (one-way ANOVA).
†
52 % B-GOS and 65 % B-GOS at doses 1, 0·5 and 0·33 g (equivalent to 0·1, 0·05 and 0·033 g/l).