Table 3.
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis on Coronary CTA
| Variable | Alla | Men | Women | P Value (Men vs Women) | With/Without Primary Endpointb | P Value (Primary vs no Primary Endpoint) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAC score, AU (median, quartiles) | 58 (1, 333) | 164.5 (19, 475) | 20.3 (0, 197) | <0.001 | 52 (0, 308), 389 (128, 706) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery plaque (any) | 500 (79.4)c | 271 (86.9) | 229 (72.0) | <0.001 | 41 (8.2), 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| None | 130 (20.6) | 41 (13.1) | 89 (28.0) | <0.001 | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| 1 vessel | 113 (17.9) | 36 (11.5) | 77 (24.2) | <0.001 | 0 (0) | |
| 2 vessel | 154 (24.4) | 83 (26.6) | 71 (22.3) | 9 (5.8) | ||
| 3 vessel | 233 (37.0) | 152 (48.7) | 81 (25.5) | 32 (13.7) | ||
| LMCA | 229 (36.3) | 141 (45.2) | 88 (27.7) | <0.001 | 28 (12.2), 13 (3.2) | <0.001 |
| Nonobstructive plaque only | 304 (48.3) | 140 (44.9) | 164 (51.6) | <0.001 | 11 (3.6), 0 (0) | 0.005d |
| 1 vessele | 100 (15.9) | 30 (9.6) | 70 (22.0) | <0.028 | 0 (0) | 0.005 |
| 2 vessel | 111 (17.6) | 58 (18.6) | 53 (16.7) | 6 (5.4) | ||
| 3 vessel | 93 (14.8) | 52 (16.7) | 41 (12.9) | 5 (5.4) | ||
| LMCA | 198 (31.4) | 118 (37.8) | 80 (25.2) | 0.001 | 6 (5.3), 5 (1.6) | 0.031 |
| Nonobstructive plaque in proximal segments (vs no plaque) | 269 (42.7) | 124 (39.7) | 145 (45.6) | 0.137 | 10 (3.7), 1 (0.6) | 0.045d |
| Obstructive plaque | 196 (31.2) | 131 (42.0) | 65 (20.4) | <0.001 | 30 (15.3), 11 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| 1 vessele | 114 (18.1) | 72 (23.1) | 42 (13.2) | <0.001 | 14 (12.3) | <0.001 |
| 2 vessel | 60 (9.5) | 42 (13.5) | 18 (5.7) | 12 (20.0) | ||
| 3 vessel | 22 (3.5) | 17 (5.4) | 5 (22.7) | 4 (18.2) | ||
| LMCA | 31 (4.9) | 23 (7.4) | 8 (2.5) | 0.005 | 6 (19.4), 35 (5.8) | 0.003 |
| Obstructive plaque in proximal segment | 142 (22.5) | 94 (30.1) | 48 (15.1) | <0.001 | 26 (18.3), 15 (3.1) | <0.001 |
| Plaques/subject (among those with plaque)f | 4.5±3.2 | 5.3±3.4 | 3.5±2.8 | <0.001 | 6.2±2.6, 4.3±3.3 | <0.001 |
| Total plaque length, mm | 54.1±49.3 | 69.0±54.2 | 36.4±35.6 | <0.001 | 87±42, 51±49 | <0.001 |
| Total plaque volume, mm3 | 364.5±393.4 | 484.2±444.0 | 222.9±261.1 | <0.001 | 551±307, 348±396 | 0.001 |
| Total plaque burdeng | 1.8±1.8 | 2.3±1.9 | 1.2±1.5 | <0.001 | 3.3±1.6, 1.6±1.8 | <0.001 |
| Remodeling index (maximal) | 2.2±1.1 | 2.4±1.2 | 2.0±0.9 | <0.001 | 2.6±1.1, 2.1±1.1 | 0.009 |
| Bifurcation involvement (% plaques, N=2241) | 1364 (60.7) | 583 (51.3) | 481 (59.8) | <0.001 | ||
| True bifurcation (Medina 1,1,1) (% plaques) | 486 (21.7) | 324 (22.6) | 162 (20.1) | 0.39 | ||
| Partial bifurcation only (% plaques) | 878 (39.2) | 559 (38.9) | 319 (39.6) | |||
| No bifurcation (% plaques) | 877 (39.1) | 553 (38.5) | 324 (40.2) | |||
| Any partial or true bifurcation (% subjects) | 373 (74.6) | 209 (77.1) | 164 (71.6) | 0.16 | 30 (8.0), 11 (8.7) | 0.83 |
| Any true bifurcation (% subjects) | 182 (36.4) | 117 (43.2) | 65 (28.4) | 0.001 | 19 (10.4), 22 (6.9) | 0.17 |
| Plaque calcification (% plaques) | ||||||
| None | 204 (9.1) | 123 (8.6) | 81 (10.1) | 0.001 | ||
| Minor (Grades 1–2) | 527 (23.5) | 361 (25.1) | 166 (20.6) | |||
| Moderate (Grade 3) | 517 (23.1) | 353 (24.6) | 164 (20.4) | |||
| Heavy (Grades 4–5) | 993 (44.3) | 599 (41.7) | 394 (48.9) | |||
| Subjects with any plaque with mild calcification (vs all other subjects) (% subjects) | 293 (58.6) | 183 (67.5) | 110 (48.0) | <0.001 | 36 (12.3), 5 (2.4) | <0.001 |
| Degree of stenosis (% plaques) | ||||||
| 0% to 24% | 1075 (48) | 631 (43.9) | 444 (55.2) | 0.001 | ||
| 25% to 49% | 828 (36.9) | 562 (39.1) | 266 (33.0) | |||
| 50% to 74% | 260 (11.6) | 181 (12.6) | 79 (9.8) | |||
| 75% to 99% | 60 (2.7) | 49 (3.4) | 11 (1.4) | |||
| 100% | 18 (0.8) | 13 (0.9) | 5 (0.6) | |||
| Plaque includes inner curve of artery | 1665 (75.5) | 1054 (74.8) | 611 (77.0) | 0.25 | ||
| Plaque includes outer curve of artery | 1206 (54.7) | 832 (59.0) | 374 (47.1) | <0.001 | ||
| Modified Duke CAD prognostic indexh | 2.0±1.3 | 2.3±1.4 | 1.7±1.1 | <0.001 | 2.9±1.5, 2.0±1.3 | <0.001 |
| Segment stenosis scorei | 5.7±4.1 | 6.9±4.4 | 4.3±3.3 | <0.001 | 9.2±4.0, 5.4±4.0 | <0.001 |
| Segment involvement scorej | 4.6±2.8 | 5.4±2.9 | 3.7±2.5 | <0.001 | 6.6±2.3, 4.4±2.8 | <0.001 |
| Gensini CAD scorek | 18.3±16.9 | 22.7±19.6 | 13.1±11.1 | <0.001 | 33.4±22.7, 17.0±15.6 | <0.001 |
AU indicates Agatston units; CAC, coronary artery calcium; CAD, coronary artery disease; LMCA, left main coronary artery, CTA, Computed Tomography Angiography.
For discrete tabulated variables, the number and percent of individuals are provided and for continuous variables, the mean and SD (median and quartiles where stated) are provided.
Values with and without the tabulated variable for subjects undergoing a primary endpoint event. For continuous variables the mean and SD of the tabulated variable (median and quartiles where stated) for individuals with and without the primary endpoint are provided. Where plaque‐related data rather than subject‐related data are provided, outcome data are not provided.
Percent subjects.
P‐value for nonobstructive plaque vs no plaque.
LMCA is counted as 2 vessels and in addition is listed individually.
All plaque data are calculated from 500 subjects with plaque, 130 subjects with no plaque excluded.
Total plaque burden was calculated as the sum of the values for each individual plaque.
The modified Duke prognostic index grades CAD from 0 to 6 according to presence of nonobstructive or obstructive plaque in 1, 2, or 3 coronary arterial territories.19
Segment stenosis score is the sum of the stenosis grades (0–3) from each of 17 coronary arterial segments (theoretical maximum 51).19
Segment involvement score is the number of coronary arterial segments in which any plaque is present (maximum 17).19