Table 5.

The Risk Factors Used in the Risk Adjustment for Overall Early Complications and Infection

	Overall Early Complication		Infection
	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI
Age	1.04a	1.04–1.05	1.03a	1.02–1.01
Sex	1.08	0.95–1.22	0.72	0.60–0.86
Cerebrovascular disease	1.01	0.84–1.22	1.14	0.87–1.50
Congestive heart failure	1.30a	1.08–1.55	1.48a	1.17–1.87
Diabetes mellitis	1.05	0.94–1.16	1.32a	1.11–1.56
Dialysis	0.98	0.63–1.50	1.72a	1.02–2.92
Hyperlipidemia	0.93	0.82–1.07	0.90	0.73–1.12
Hypertension	0.89	0.79–1.01	0.81	0.66–0.99
Liver or gastrointestinal disease	1.17	0.90–1.53	1.37	0.95–1.98
Malignancy	1.17	0.85–1.63	1.38	0.88–2.19
Peripheral vascular disease	1.14	0.98–1.32	1.23	0.98–1.54
Pulmonary disease	1.25a	1.07–1.47	1.24	0.99–1.56
Renal disease	1.80a	1.46–2.23	1.25	0.95–1.65
Current smoker	1.16a	1.02–1.31	1.17	0.95–1.43
Prior coronary artery bypass grafting	0.47	0.16–1.40
Prior myocardial infarction	1.04	0.92–1.19	1.22	1.00–1.49
Prior percutaneous coronary intervention	1.08	0.93–1.25	0.92	0.73–1.18
Indication of catheterization
Myocardial infarction	1.11	1.00–1.25	1.27a	1.06–1.53
Unstable angina	1.01	0.87–1.17	1.14	0.88–1.47
Others	1.06	0.87–1.30	1.35	0.99–1.83
Ejection fraction
35–50%	1.17a	1.03–1.34	1.35a	1.07–1.71
20–34%	1.96a	1.56–2.47	1.96a	1.42–2.73
<20%	2.38a	1.53–3.70	2.45a	1.42–4.21
Not performed	1.56a	1.34–1.83	1.49a	1.16–1.92
Missing	1.39a	1.22–1.58	1.45a	1.16–1.80
Extent of coronary disease
<50%	0.46	0.17–1.23	0.28	0.08–1.02
Low risk	0.43	0.19–0.96	0.32	0.13–0.78
High risk	0.31	0.14–0.69	0.38	0.15–0.91
Left main disease	0.33	0.14–0.73	0.34	0.14–0.84
Missing	0.28	0.10–0.73	0.32	0.09–1.10

Low risk represented single or 2‐vessel disease. High risk represented 2‐vessel disease with proximal left anterior descending artery disease or 3‐vessel disease. Pulmonary disease represents pulmonary edema and/or pulmonary embolism.

^aSignificant odds ratio (P<0.05). Prior coronary artery bypass grafting was excluded from a covariate list for infection due to insufficient cases.