Table 3.
Resuscitation Related Characteristics of Survivors With Favorable Neurological Function and Patients That Died or Survived With Poor Neurological Function
| Refractory VF/VT Patients | Survivors With CPC 1&2 (9) | Deaths and Survivors With CPC >2 (9) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 57±11 | 56±9 | 0.2 |
| 911 call to first response arrival | 3.8±2.5 min | 8±3 min | 0.004a |
| Bystander CPR | 8/9 | 4/9 | 0.13 |
| 911 call to CCL entry | 54±7.6 | 66±10.5 | 0.019 |
| CCL entry—on ECMO | 6±2 | 5.4±4 | 0.2 |
| ETCO2 on arrival | 32±12 | 35±8 | 0.5 |
| pH on ECMO opening ABG | 7.05±0.1 | 7.07±0.3 | 0.4 |
| Lactate at CCL arrival | 9.9±2.8 | 14.6±5.5 | 0.041a |
| Presence of CAD | 9/9 | 4/9 | 0.029a |
| Witnessed arrest | 5/9 | 6/9 | 0.6 |
| Intermittent ROSC before ECMO | 6/9 | 1/9 | 0.049a |
Better outcomes were associated with three main characteristics: (1) rapid EMS response time and shorter time from 911 call to delivery to the CCL; (2) bystander CPR; and (3) evidence of reversible coronary artery disease. ABG indicates arterial blood gas; CCL, cardiac catheterization laboratory; CPC, cerebral performance category; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; ETCO2, end‐tidal CO2; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation; VF/VT, ventricular fibrillation/ventricular tachycardia.
a
Statistically significant difference, P<0.05.