Table 1. Comparisons between control and PM groups using generalised estimating equations.
| Control (N = 35) |
PM (N = 35) |
p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | ||
| Characteristics | |||||
| Age | 41.11 | 8.636 | 41.14 | 8.335 | 0.989 |
| BMI | 27.28 | 6.421 | 27.61 | 6.338 | 0.761* |
| Height | 1.652 | 0.086 | 1.646 | 0.072 | 0.739 |
| IQ test | |||||
| FSIQ | 111.9 | 9.541 | 110.3 | 10.936 | 0.506 |
| PIQ | 113.9 | 11.15 | 110.9 | 11.136 | 0.260 |
| VIQ | 108.1 | 11.36 | 106.6 | 13.900 | 0.619 |
| Molecular | |||||
| AR | 0.575 | 0.060 | 0.577 | 0.053 | 0.963 |
| FMR1/3IC | 1.129 | 0.285 | 1.655 | 0.540 | 10−9** |
| FMR1/2IC | 1.422 | 0.316 | 2.197 | 0.751 | 10−11** |
| FMR1/GUS | 0.867 | 0.259 | 1.190 | 0.398 | 10−5* |
| GUS/2IC | 1.919 | 0.429 | 2.033 | 0.480 | 0.318 |
| SDHA/EIF4A2 | 1.342 | 0.207 | 1.371 | 0.315 | 0.803 |
| FMR1/3IC/AR | 1.978 | 0.514 | 2.811 | 0.923 | 0.964** |
| FMR1/2IC/AR | 2.478 | 0.528 | 3.758 | 1.329 | 10−6 |
| FMR1/GUS/AR | 1.523 | 0.477 | 2.009 | 0.664 | 0.013 |
| GUS/2IC/AR | 3.346 | 0.687 | 3.613 | 1.012 | 0.219 |
| SDHA/EIF4A2/AR | 2.375 | 0.504 | 2.358 | 0.608 | 0.938 |
| Working memory | |||||
| LNS | 13.89 | 3.206 | 12.60 | 3.474 | 0.112 |
| Gait step time variability | |||||
| DTC Finger tapping | 0.425 | 26.56 | 4.298 | 38.76 | 0.601 |
| DTC Counting by 3 | 23.36 | 48.00 | 40.30 | 70.16 | 0.203 |
| DTC Counting by 7 | 51.52 | 97.65 | 66.42 | 99.64 | 0.468 |
| Gait step length variability | |||||
| DTC Finger tapping | −2.681 | 32.17 | 7.216 | 41.25 | 0.259 |
| DTC Counting by 3 | 1.905 | 33.32 | 23.51 | 54.49 | 0.036 |
| DTC Counting by 7 | 27.50 | 58.34 | 38.09 | 51.92 | 0.453 |
Note: Mean and SD were presented for raw data; p-values computed using *log and **reciprocal transformed. Significant values (p < 0.05) in bold.
AR = FMR1 activation ratio; BMI = Body Mass Index; DTC = Dual Task Cost; EIF4A2 = Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-2 mRNA; FSIQ = WASI Full Scale IQ; LNS = Letter number sequencing working memory test; PIQ = WASI Performance IQ; SDHA = succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein (Fp) mRNA; VIQ = WASI Verbal IQ.