. 2016 Jul 7;16:143. doi: 10.1186/s12872-016-0299-y

Table 2.

Baseline clinical characteristics according to gender

	Male (n = 1348)	Female (n = 385)	P-value
Age (years)	63.6 ± 11.1	67.5 ± 11.5	<0.01^a
Body mass index (kg/m²)	24.5 ± 3.2	24.0 ± 4.3	0.02^a
Hypertension	72.6 %	75.1 %	0.36
Diabetes mellitus	41.5 %	31.4 %	<0.01^a
Dyslipidemia	70.5 %	70.1 %	0.89
Family history of ischemic heart disease	20.0 %	13.2 %	<0.01^a
Smoking	53.6 %	47.6 %	<0.01^a
History of coronary revascularization (PCI or CABG)	31.2 %	15.6 %	<0.01^a
Total cholesterol (mg/dl)	187.1 ± 34.8	202.7 ± 36.8	<0.01^a
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	151.8 ± 99.9	130.3 ± 77.6	<0.01^a
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl)	109.8 ± 30.3	115.6 ± 32.2	<0.01^a
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl)	48.8 ± 14.3	61.3 ± 19.4	<0.01^a
Hemoglobin A1c (%)	6.3 ± 1.1	6.1 ± 1.0	0.02^a
Serum creatinine (mg/dl)	0.93 ± 0.29	0.71 ± 0.23	<0.01^a
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m²)	68.8 ± 17.4	68.4 ± 18.7	0.72
EPA (μg/dl)	73.7 ± 43.2	74.4 ± 47.0	0.76
EPA/AA	0.50 ± 0.31	0.46 ± 0.29	0.01^a
DHA (μg/dl)	141.8 ± 52.5	149.0 ± 53.2	0.01^a
DHA/AA	0.96 ± 0.40	0.92 ± 0.33	0.06
DGLA (μg/dl)	32.7 ± 12.5	35.0 ± 11.5	<0.01^a
AA (μg/dl)	154.4 ± 51.3	167.8 ± 41.3	<0.01^a
Statins	53.0 %	53.2 %	0.95
Antiplatelet agents	67.9 %	44.7 %	<0.01^a
Renin angiotensin system inhibitors (ACE-I and ARB)	50.7 %	50.6 %	1.00
Calcium channel blockers	44.4 %	50.1 %	0.04^a
Beta blockers	41.7 %	27.8 %	<0.01^a
Hypoglycemic agents	22.0 %	17.9 %	0.08

Values are mean ± standard deviation, or percentage, ^aindicates significance, PCI Percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, EPA/AA eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio, DHA/AA docosahexaenoic acid to arachidonic acid ratio, DGLA dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, ACE-I angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker