Table 2.
Seizures characteristics in PML survivors
| PML survivors with seizures (N=28) | |
|---|---|
| Median age at seizure onset, year (range) | 43 (23–85) |
| Median time from PML onset to seizure onset, m (range) | 5.4 (0–159) |
| Epilepsy classification, N (%) | |
| Focal epilepsy | 16 (57 %) |
| Acute symptomatic seizures and focal epilepsy | 6 (21.5 %) |
| Epilepsy (unclassifiable) | 4 (14.5 %) |
| Acute symptomatic seizures | 2 (7 %) |
| New seizure classification, N | |
| Focal motor seizure | 14 |
| Focal seizure evolving to a bilateral convulsive seizure | 9 |
| Focal seizure with impairment of consciousness | 4 |
| Generalized seizure (unclear if focal or generalized) | 4 |
| Epilepsy partialis continua | 3 |
| Focal seizure without impairment of consciousness | 1 |
| Unclassifiable | 1 |
| Risk factor for seizures, N (%) | |
| PML | 23 (82 %) |
| Othera | 5 (18 %) |
| Localization of seizures, N (%) | |
| Left frontal | 13 (46 %) |
| Right frontal | 4 (14 %) |
| Left parietal | 1 (4 %) |
| Right parietal | 2 (7 %) |
| Unknown | 8 (29 %) |
| EEG concordant or diagnostic, N (%) | |
| Yesb | 9 (32 %) |
| No | 8 (29 %) |
| No EEG data available | 11 (39 %) |
| Treatment of Seizures with anti-epileptic drugsc, N (%) | |
| 1 AED | 15 (54 %) |
| 2 AED | 7 (25 %) |
| 3 AED | 3 (10.5 %) |
| No AED | 3 (10.5 %) |
a
Alcohol intoxication or withdrawal (n = 1), dehydration (n = 1), brain biopsy (n = 2), medication side-effect (n = 1)
b
Focal slowing (n = 4), focal epileptiform/localizing (i = 3), focal slowing, epileptiform/localizing (n = 1), focal seizures (n = 1)
c
Levetiracetam (n = 21), gabapentin (n = 11), phenytoin (n = 9), clonazepam (n = 4), topiramate (n = 3), valproic acid (n = 2), oxcarbazepine (n = 2), carbamazepine (n = 1), phenobarbital (n = 1), lacosamide (n = 1)