Table 4.

Summary of mutations in key residues of catalytic site, Rossmann fold and NAD(P)⁺ binding site in ALDH dead enzyme groups. The residues for the catalytically-active ALDH isozyme, ALDH2, is provided for comparison.

ALDH	Catalytic Site *						Rossmann Fold *				NAD(P)+ Binding Site *
	AA186	%	AA319	%	AA285	%	AA262	%	AA267	%	AA209	%	AA416	%	AA418	%
ALDH2	N	100	C	100	E	100	G	100	G	100	K	100	E	100	F	100
Group 1	T	66	del	95	A	76	G	92	G	84	K	71	E	84	F	92
Group 2	var		del	100	P	100	G	100	L	74	V	65	del	139	del	139
Group 3	N	56	var		E	81	G	56	Y	56	N	81	P	50	var
Group 4	var		var		var		G	92	G	62	var		E	62	var
Group 5	N	86	del	71	N	57	G	71	G	57	K	71	E	57	F	71
Group 6	var		var		var		G	78	var		K	56	E	89	var
Group 7	var		var		var		G	78	G	78	K	78	E	67	F	78
Group 8	N	88	del	50	E	50	G	75	G	75	K	63	E	75	F	63
Group 9	N	75	del	63	var		G	88	G	50	K	100	var		var
Group 10	N	67	var		E	67	G	100	G	89	K	67	E	78	F	67
Group 11	N	100	S	57	E	100	G	100	G	100	K	100	E	100	L	57
Group 12	N	50	Q	50	var		G	83	A	83	K	100	G	50	var
Group 13	N	67	var		E	67	G	83	G	83	K	50	E	67	F	50
Group 14	var		var		E	100	G	100	G	100	K	100	Q	67	F	67
Group 15	S	100	S	60	E	60	G	100	G	100	K	100	E	100	F	100
Group 16	S	100	L	100	E	100	G	100	M	100	S	67	D	100	G	100
Group 17	del	75	var		E	100	G	100	G	100	K	75	E	100	F	75
Group 18	var		del	100	E	67	G	83	G	67	K	67	E	67	F	67
Group 19	N	100	R	100	var		G	100	G	100	K	100	E	100	F	100

^*The amino acid (AA) indicated is the residue that is present at a majority (≥ 50%) of the sites, with the percentage of residues presented to the right. (del) indicates a deletion at that position. (var) indicates various mutations, i.e., no single amino acid residue was present at a majority of all sites. Shaded AAs are identical to the residue in ALDH2 at the same position.