Table 1.
Baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics among sarcoidosis cases with and without pulmonary hypertension
| All (n=107) | Sarcoidosis with PHTN (n=28) | Sarcoidosis without PHTN (n=79) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 53.4 ± 9.4 | 57.1 ± 8.8 | 51.9 ± 9.3 | 0.011 |
| Female sex % (n) | 76.6% (82) | 82.1% (23) | 74.7% (59) | 0.425 |
| BMI (mean ±SD) | 31.9 ± 8 | 32.2 ± 7.2 | 31.9 ± 8.3 | 0.836 |
| Duration of sarcoidosis (y, mean± SD) | 12.2 ± 9.1 | 14.3 ± 10.7 | 11.5 ± 8.5 | 0.18 |
| African American % (n) | 70.1% (75) | 82.1% (23) | 65.8% (52) | 0.112 |
| Diabetes % (n) | 31.4% (33) | 17.9% (5) | 36.4% (28) | 0.077 |
| Dyslipidemia % (n) | 24.5% (26) | 25% (7) | 24.4% (19) | 0.946 |
| CKD % (n) | 3.7% (4) | 3.6% (1) | 3.8% (3) | 0.957 |
| PCI or CABG % (n) | 1.9% (2) | 0% (0) | 2.5% (2) | 0.543 |
| Atrial fibrillation % (n) | 5.6% (6) | 10.7% (3) | 3.8% (3) | 0.190 |
| Pulmonary sarcoidosis % (n) | 91.9% (91) | 96.3% (26) | 90.3% (65) | 0.347 |
| Extrapulmonary sarcoidosis % (n) | 64.5% (69) | 60.7% (17) | 65.8% (52) | 0.628 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis % (n) | 3.7% (4) | 0% (0) | 5.1% (4) | 0.291 |
| Asthma % (n) | 26.4% (28) | 28.6% (8) | 25.6% (20) | 0.763 |
| OSA % (n) | 24.5% (26) | 29.6% (8) | 22.8% (18) | 0.477 |
| Bronchiectasis % (n) | 9.3% (10) | 21.4% (6) | 5.1% (4) | 0.018 |
| FVC % (mean ±SD) | 93.2 ±20.9 | 84.1 ± 24.8 | 96.4 ± 18.4 | 0.014 |
| FEV1 % (mean ±SD) | 88 ± 24.9 | 74.5 ± 27.9 | 92.8 ± 22 | 0.002 |
| TLC % (mean ±SD) | 89.1 ±15.6 | 84.7 ± 16.8 | 90.7 ± 15 | 0.114 |
| RV % (mean ±SD) | 99.4 ±26.7 | 102.2 ± 29.8 | 98.3 ± 25.7 | 0.605 |
| FRC % (mean ±SD) | 97.4 ±22.1 | 102.5 ± 20.2 | 95.6 ± 22.7 | 0.291 |
| DLCO % (mean ±SD) | 67 ± 20.3 | 60.8 ± 18.2 | 69.3 ± 20.7 | 0.088 |
| PASP (mmHg, mean ±SD) | 35.1 ±17.4 | 41.1 ± 17.7 | 21.2 ± 2.3 | 0.000 |
| EF (mean ±SD) | 57.8 ± 4.8 | 57.5 ± 5 | 58 ± 4.7 | 0.672 |
| Neutrophil (mean ±SD) | 4.9 ± 2 | 5.5 ± 2.4 | 4.7 ± 1.8 | 0.098 |
| Lymphocyte (mean ±SD) | 1.76 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 0.221 |
| Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio (mean± SD) | 3.4 ± 2.5 | 4.1 ± 2.9 | 3.2 ± 2.4 | 0.120 |
| Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio > 3.5 % (n) | 30.7% (31) | 50% (13) | 24% (18) | 0.016 |
| CRP (mean ±SD) | 2.5 ± 4.2 | 3 ± 4.1 | 2.4 ± 4.2 | 0.562 |
| ESR (mean ±SD) | 35.2 ±33.4 | 45.8 ± 32.6 | 32.6 ± 33.3 | 0.160 |
| Oral steroid % (n) | 83.3% (85) | 88.9% (24) | 81.3% (61) | 0.372 |
| DMARD % (n) | 44.3% (47) | 32.1% (9) | 48.7% (38) | 0.133 |
| Methotrexate % (n) | 29.9% (32) | 17.9% (5) | 34.2% (27) | 0.112 |
| Azathioprine% (n) | 4.7%(5) | 7.1% (2) | 3.8%(3) | 0.478 |
| Sildenafil% (n) | 7.5%(8) | 14.3% (4) | 5.1% (4) | 0.126 |
| Warfarin% (n) | 2.8%(3) | 7.1% (2) | 1.3% (1) | 0.150 |
PHTN: Pulmonary hypertension, BMI: Body mass index, CKD: Chronic kidney disease, PCI: Percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG: Coronary artery bypass graft, OSA: Obstructive sleep apnea, PASP: Pulmonary artery systolic pressure, EF: Ejection fraction, ESR: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP: C-reactive protein, DMARD: Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug, y: Year, m: Mean, SD: Standard deviation.