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. 2016 Feb 9;124(7):1062–1070. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1510513

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Phenotypic variation (left panels) and genome-wide associations (right panels) for sensitivity to lead exposure for development time of females (A) and males (B) and viability (C). In the left panels, the x-axes indicate 200 individual DGRP lines, red symbols correspond to growth on control medium, and blue symbols correspond to growth on medium supplemented with 0.5 mM lead acetate. The differences between the two growth conditions, illustrated by the vertical connecting lines, represent the sensitivity to lead exposure, used for the GWA analyses shown by the Manhattan plots on the right. The chromosome arms are color coded and polymorphic markers above the horizontal line, which designates the p < 10^–5 statistical threshold, are shown as larger circles.