Age, sex, race, region, New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure class, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stratum, Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina class, and number of diseased vessels are prespecified subgroup factors. All other variables are post hoc subgroup factors. All subgroups are based on values measured at baseline. Data on ESVI were missing for 97 patients, data on the number of vessels with 75% or greater stenosis and on the degree of stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LM) and proximal left anterior descending artery (PLAD) were missing for 1 patient, and data on mitral regurgitation were missing for 3 patients. The Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) angina classes range from I to IV, with higher classes indicating more disabling pain due to angina. New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart failure classes range from I to IV, with higher values indicating greater disability. The divisions between the LVEF and the end-systolic volume index subgroups were based on the median values. Patients who met the eligibility criteria for random assignment to the CABG group or medical-therapy group but did not meet the criteria for eligibility for surgical ventricular reconstruction were enrolled in stratum A; patients who did meet the criteria for eligibility for surgical ventricular reconstruction were enrolled in stratum B.