Table 1. Annual per patient costs to manage MS patients (DMDs excluded).

Elaborated from Ponzio et al. [2]. Costs were inflated to Euro 2014 [1,8].

Annual per patient costs (Euro)	EDSS 0–3	EDSS 4–6.5	EDSS 7–9
Direct healthcare costs (except DMDs) + direct non healthcare costs (walking aids and wheelchair)	3,272	8,761	12,975
Indirect costs + direct non healthcare costs (except walking aids and wheelchair)	11,843	30,927	51,105

DMDs: disease-modifying drugs

EDSS: Expanded Disability Status Scale.