Table 1. Estimated payment ratios by cause and payer in 1996 and 2012, with 95% uncertainty intervals and direction of change over time.

Cause	Private payers			Public payers			Out of pocket payers
	1996	2012	Direction of change	1996	2012	Direction of change	1996	2012	Direction of change
All causes weighted	0.59 (0.61, 0.58)	0.42 (0.44, 0.41)	-	0.50 (0.52, 0.48)	0.26 (0.28, 0.25)	-	0.35 (0.42, 0.27)	0.27 (0.30, 0.24)	-
HIV/AIDS & tuberculosis	0.48 (0.59, 0.38)			0.48 (0.62, 0.35)	0.25 (0.34, 0.16)	-	0.08 (0.15, 0.03)
Diarrhea/LRI/other	0.69 (0.76, 0.62)	0.41 (0.47, 0.34)	-	0.53 (0.58, 0.49)	0.27 (0.31, 0.24)	-	0.19 (0.53, 0.09)	0.12 (0.24, -0.12)	-
NTDs & malaria	0.52 (0.71, 0.36)			0.20 (1.00, 0.04)			1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Maternal disorders	0.50 (0.59, 0.42)	0.44 (0.56, 0.35)	-	0.43 (0.48, 0.37)	0.19 (0.24, 0.16)	-	0.17 (0.23, 0.12)
Neonatal disorders	0.62 (0.73, 0.51)			0.28 (0.38, 0.22)	0.27 (0.30, 0.21)	-	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Nutritional deficiencies	0.56 (0.65, 0.45)	0.56 (0.66, 0.46)	+	0.46 (0.53, 0.37)	0.25 (0.30, 0.20)	-	0.16 (0.25, 0.04)
Other communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases	0.69 (0.81, 0.57)	0.51 (0.59, 0.41)	-	0.54 (0.59, 0.48)	0.23 (0.27, 0.20)	-	0.27 (0.40, 0.15)
Communicable not elsewhere classified	0.63 (0.75, 0.52)			0.30 (0.50, 0.24)			0.12 (0.22, 0.04)
Neoplasms	0.61 (0.65, 0.57)	0.34 (0.40, 0.31)	-	0.51 (0.54, 0.48)	0.28 (0.31, 0.25)	-	0.53 (0.66, 0.41)	0.22 (0.31, 0.12)	-
Other non-communicable	0.53 (0.58, 0.48)	0.55 (0.61, 0.49)	+	0.46 (0.51, 0.40)	0.25 (0.29, 0.22)	-	0.38 (0.49, 0.24)	0.26 (0.44, 0.16)	-
Cardiovascular diseases	0.59 (0.63, 0.56)	0.39 (0.42, 0.36)	-	0.54 (0.56, 0.51)	0.23 (0.25, 0.21)	-	0.21 (0.28, 0.12)	0.29 (0.35, 0.21)	+
Chronic respiratory	0.63 (0.67, 0.58)	0.42 (0.48, 0.35)	-	0.55 (0.59, 0.50)	0.26 (0.33, 0.23)	-	0.42 (0.53, 0.19)	0.29 (0.37, 0.20)	-
Cirrhosis	0.33 (0.40, 0.28)	0.34 (0.41, 0.29)	+	0.23 (0.53, 0.11)	0.31 (0.53, 0.21)	+	0.13 (0.26, 0.06)
Digestive diseases	0.57 (0.60, 0.55)	0.38 (0.41, 0.35)	-	0.47 (0.49, 0.44)	0.28 (0.30, 0.26)	-	0.32 (0.42, 0.23)	0.18 (0.23, 0.12)	-
Neurological disorders	0.66 (0.71, 0.60)	0.38 (0.43, 0.33)	-	0.48 (0.53, 0.39)	0.24 (0.29, 0.21)	-	0.15 (0.20, 0.10)
Mental & substance use	0.62 (0.70, 0.56)	0.41 (0.47, 0.36)	-	0.57 (0.60, 0.52)	0.28 (0.31, 0.26)	-	0.48 (0.63, 0.27)	0.30 (0.42, 0.19)	-
Diabetes/urog/blood/endo	0.47 (0.52, 0.43)	0.43 (0.47, 0.41)	-	0.47 (0.50, 0.44)	0.26 (0.31, 0.23)	-	0.20 (0.29, 0.11)	0.24 (0.32, 0.18)	+
Musculoskeletal disorders	0.45 (0.51, 0.40)	0.42 (0.45, 0.38)	-	0.47 (0.51, 0.43)	0.27 (0.29, 0.25)	-	0.27 (0.33, 0.21)
Transport injuries	0.71 (0.80, 0.63)	0.41 (0.47, 0.36)	-	0.44 (0.53, 0.28)	0.24 (0.32, 0.19)	-	0.27 (0.35, 0.20)
Unintentional injuries	0.62 (0.69, 0.55)	0.44 (0.50, 0.39)	-	0.49 (0.53, 0.44)	0.27 (0.29, 0.25)	-	0.35 (0.43, 0.25)	0.08 (0.15, 0.00)	-
Intentional injuries	0.60 (0.71, 0.44)	0.49 (0.58, 0.41)	-	0.43 (0.53, 0.35)	0.25 (0.30, 0.20)	-	0.20 (0.31, 0.12)
War & disaster	0.45 (0.59, 0.35)			0.48 (0.55, 0.41)			0.24 (1.00, 0.11)
Injuries not elsewhere classified	0.56 (0.68, 0.44)			0.35 (0.46, 0.27)			0.18 (0.67, 0.01)
Pregnancy and postpartum care	0.61 (0.63, 0.60)	0.46 (0.47, 0.45)	-	0.45 (0.46, 0.43)	0.32 (0.33, 0.30)	-	0.21 (0.27, 0.15)	0.42 (0.47, 0.37)	+
Family planning	0.79 (1.00, 0.76)			0.29 (0.41, 0.22)			0.22 (1.00, 0.00)
Donor	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)			1.00 (1.00, 1.00)			1.00 (1.00, 1.00)
Counselling services	0.34 (0.42, 0.23)			0.34 (0.38, 0.31)			0.22 (0.41, 0.01)
Clinical support	0.57 (0.71, 0.45)			0.31 (0.37, 0.26)			0.25 (1.00, 0.03)
Social services	1.00 (1.00, 1.00)			0.89 (1.00, 0.40)			1.00 (1.00, 1.00)