. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Womens Ment Health. 2015 Jul 23;19(2):219–227. doi: 10.1007/s00737-015-0555-7

Table 2.

Unadjusted associations of childbirth variables and elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety at 2 and 8 months postpartum

Variables	Depression^a		Anxiety^b
Variables	At 2 months (N=4946) OR (95 % CI)	At 8 months (N=4657) OR (95 % CI)	At 2 months (N=4901) OR (95 % CI)	At 8 months (N=4672) OR (95 % CI)
Type of birth
Non-physiological birth vs. physiological birth	0.81 (0.65–1.01)	0.70 (0.65–1.21)	0.99 (0.77–1.28)	0.96 (0.74–1.25)
Birth experience
Not wonderful/not sure vs. wonderful experience	1.21 (1.03–1.42)^*	1.10 (0.91–1.33)	1.58 (1.32–1.88)^***	1.33 (1.11–1.59)^**
Immediate postpartum complications
≥1 complication vs. no complications	0.84 (0.69–1.03)	0.78 (0.61–1.00)	1.10 (0.89–1.36)	0.93 (0.74–1.17)

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores ≥13 indicated elevated symptoms of depression

Crown-Crisp Experiential Index scores ≥9 indicated elevated symptoms of anxiety

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01

^***

p<0.001