Table 3.

Plasma markers of kidney function and urine markers of compliance, N = 159

		Mean (95 % Confidence Interval) change from baseline by diet
		High carbohydrate, high glycemic index diet		High carbohydrate, low glycemic index diet		Low carbohydrate, high glycemic index diet		Low carbohydrate, low glycemic index diet
	Baseline Mean (SD)	Difference, 95 % CI	P	Difference, 95 % CI	P	Difference, 95 % CI	P	Difference, 95 % CI	P
Cystatin C, mg/L	0.8 (0.1)	0.01 (0.00, 0.02)	0.04	−0.01 (−0.02, 0.00)	0.13	−0.02 (−0.03,–0.01)	0.001	−0.03 (−0.04,–0.03)	<0.001
B2-microglobulin, mg/L	1.9 (0.4)	0.04 (−0.01, 0.08)	0.10	0.00 (−0.04, 0.03)	0.86	−0.04 (−0.07, 0.00)	0.06	−0.05 (−0.09,–0.02)	0.002
Creatinine, mg/dL	0.8 (0.2)	−0.01 (−0.02, 0.00)	0.15	−0.01 (−0.03, 0.00)	0.14	0.01 (−0.01, 0.03)	0.21	−0.01 (−0.02, 0.01)	0.25
eGFRcys, mL/min/1.73 m2	104.2 (16.0)	−1.19 (−2.19,–0.18)	0.02	0.71 (−0.20, 1.63)	0.13	1.78 (0.67, 2.90)	0.002	3.28 (2.32, 4.24)	<0.001
eGFRcreat, mL/min/1.73 m2	100.1 (16.4)	0.60 (−0.71, 1.91)	0.37	0.83 (−0.57, 2.23)	0.24	−0.87 (−2.44, 0.69)	0.27	0.67 (−0.82, 2.15)	0.38
Urine nitrogen, mg/d	10116.4 (4767.7)	−13.0 (−769.4, 743.5)	0.97	257.8 (−500.7, 1016.2)	0.51	3734.9 (2821.3, 4648.4)	<0.001	3852.6 (2946.7, 4758.5)	<0.001
Urine creatinine, mg/d	1463.9 (592.7)	−71.2 (−160.0, 17.7)	0.12	−117.3 (−204.6, −30.0)	0.01	37.5 (−59.4, 134.4)	0.45	−9.3 (−109.0, 90.3)	0.86
Urine sodium, mmol/d	152.9 (77.7)	−31.4 (−44.1, −18.7)	<0.001	−38.6 (−51.3, −25.9)	<0.001	−29.5 (−41.6, −17.5)	<0.001	−35.5 (−48.9, −22.1)	<0.001
Urine potassium, mmol/d	56.9 (26.2)	19.8 (14.6, 24.9)	<0.001	19.7 (14.6, 24.8)	<0.001	19.3 (14.3, 24.2)	<0.001	16.9 (11.0, 22.7)	<0.001

Note: eGFRcys represents cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate; eGFRcreat represents creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate