Table 3.
Independent effect of baseline characteristics on medication adherencea
| Odds ratio (95 % CI) - Multiple logistic regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full model | Reduced model | |||
| Baseline characteristic | (N = 28,176) | P-value | (N = 28,176) | P-value |
| Adequate Visit Adherence | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 0.330 | ||
| Male | 1.01 (0.94–1.07) | 0.885 | ||
| Age (55–64 is the ref group) | ||||
| 65–74 | 0.92 (0.85–0.98) | 0.014 | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.007 |
| ≥75 | 0.82 (0.75–0.89) | <0.001 | 0.81 (0.74–0.88) | <0.001 |
| Race and Ethnicity (Black is reference group) | ||||
| Non-Black Hispanic | 0.76 (0.69–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.75 (0.69–0.82) | <0.001 |
| Non-Black Non-Hispanic | 1.45 (1.36–1.55) | <0.001 | 1.45 (1.36–1.55) | <0.001 |
| Education (High school is the reference group) | ||||
| < High school | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.006 | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 0.006 |
| Beyond high school | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 0.645 | 1.02 (0.95–1.09) | 0.654 |
| Has diabetes | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 0.207 | ||
| Smoking (Current is reference group) | ||||
| Past | 1.13 (1.05–1.22) | 0.001 | 1.13 (1.05–1.21) | 0.001 |
| Never | 1.15 (1.06–1.24) | <0.001 | 1.14 (1.06–1.23) | <0.001 |
| Self-assessed baseline health (Excellent is reference group) | ||||
| Very good | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) | 0.283 | 0.93 (0.82–1.06) | 0.287 |
| Good | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) | 0.096 | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) | 0.093 |
| Fair | 0.79 (0.70–0.90) | <0.001 | 0.79 (0.70–0.90) | <0.001 |
| Poor | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 0.515 | 0.94 (0.77–1.14) | 0.509 |
| Unknown | 0.89 (0.59–1.35) | 0.590 | 0.89 (0.59–1.34) | 0.568 |
| Practice type (Private is reference group) | ||||
| Group | 1.56 (1.44–1.70) | <0.001 | 1.56 (1.44–1.70) | <0.001 |
| HMO | 2.00 (1.68–2.39) | <0.001 | 2.01 (1.68–2.40) | <0.001 |
| Community Health Center | 1.22 (1.10–1.36) | <0.001 | 1.22 (1.10–1.36) | <0.001 |
| University | 1.22 (1.10–1.35) | <0.001 | 1.21 (1.10–1.34) | <0.001 |
| Other | 1.70 (1.52–1.90) | <0.001 | 1.70 (1.52–1.90) | <0.001 |
| VAMC | 1.18 (1.08–1.29) | <0.001 | 1.18 (1.08–1.28) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 1.46 (1.28–1.68) | <0.001 | 1.48 (1.29–1.70) | <0.001 |
| Baseline Medications (Untreated is reference group) | ||||
| On drug therapy < 2 months | 1.24 (1.13–1.35) | <0.001 | 1.23 (1.13–1.35) | <0.001 |
| On drug therapy ≥ 2 months | 1.11 (0.94–1.30) | 0.225 | 1.11 (0.94–1.30) | 0.224 |
| HDL Cholesterol < 35 mg/dl | 1.03 (0.94–1.12) | 0.585 | ||
| Taking aspirin | 1.14 (1.07–1.21) | <0.001 | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | <0.001 |
| Possible disability | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.033 | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | 0.022 |
| ASCVD (No ASCVD is reference group) | ||||
| Yes | 0.94 (0.87–1.01) | 0.082 | 0.95 (0.89–1.01) | 0.117 |
| Sub-clinical | 0.76 (0.71–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.77 (0.72–0.83) | <0.001 |
| BMI > 30 | 1.05 (0.99–1.11) | 0.105 | ||
| Decile of clinic enrollment volume | 1.05 (1.04–1.06) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.04–1.06) | <0.001 |
| Randomized treatment group (Chlorthalidone is reference group) | ||||
| Amlodipine | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | 0.722 | 0.99 (0.93–1.05) | 0.722 |
| Lisinopril | 0.92 (0.86–0.98) | 0.010 | 0.92 (0.86–0.98) | 0.012 |
aMedication adherence is a dichotomous variable defined as poor adherence if participants reported taking less than 80 % of their step 1 medication at any visit and as good if they reported taking 80 % or more of this medication at all visits