Table 1. Comparison of the Frequency of Active Current and Ever Smoking in Iranian Children and Adolescents According to the age Group at National and Sub-National Levels: The Caspian-IV Studya.
| Variables | Southeast | North-Northeast | West | Central | National | P Value for Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ever smoking | ||||||
| Boys’s age range, y | ||||||
| 6 - 10 | 1.18 (0.30, 4.55) | 2.63 (1.27, 5.36) | 1.89 (1.08, 3.29) | 2.11 (1.17, 3.79) | 2.04 (1.45, 2.88) | 0.76 |
| 11 – 14 | 2.23 (0.85, 5.72) | 5.81 (3.43, 9.67) | 2.75 (1.85, 4.06) | 5.44 (3.49, 8.38) | 4.1 (3.16, 5.30) | 0.03 |
| 15 – 18 | 10.84 (7.06, 16.28) | 8.66 (6.00, 12.34) | 13.79 (11.24, 16.81) | 30.66 (25.44, 36.42) | 16.92 (14.74, 19.35) | 0.00 |
| Total | 5.07 (3.30, 7.73) | 5.55 (4.07, 7.53) | 6.28 (5.14, 7.65) | 11.12 (8.86, 13.88) | 7.48 (6.54, 8.54) | 0.00 |
| Girls’s age range, y | ||||||
| 6 - 10 | 2.18 (0.92, 5.07) | 1.72 (0.66, 4.39) | 0.63 (0.25, 1.55) | 1.93 (1.03, 3.60) | 1.32 (0.88, 1.98) | 0.13 |
| 11 - 14 | 1.46 (0.49, 4.32) | 2.76 (1.45, 5.20) | 2.55 (1.66, 3.88) | 4.43 (2.92, 6.68) | 2.98 (2.29, 3.88) | 0.11 |
| 15 - 18 | 3.59 (1.61, 7.83) | 9.69 (6.81, 13.62) | 5.74 (4.23, 7.75) | 11.37 (8.41, 15.21) | 7.98 (6.63, 9.58) | < 0.001 |
| Total | 2.38 (1.39, 4.05) | 4.96 (3.60, 6.80) | 2.97 (2.31, 3.81) | 6.34 (4.93, 8.13) | 4.19 (3.60, 4.87) | < 0.001 |
| Urban | 3.53 (2.15, 5.75) | 6.48 (5.14, 8.15) | 5.08 (4.25, 6.07) | 9.24 (7.67, 11.09) | 6.54 (5.84, 7.31) | < 0.001 |
| Rural | 3.77 (2.32, 6.08) | 2.01 (1.01, 3.96) | 3.30 (2.27, 4.77) | 6.82 (4.22, 10.85) | 3.76 (2.94, 4.80) | 0.007 |
| Total | 3.64 (2.56, 5.16) | 5.26 (4.2, 6.56) | 4.64 (3.95, 5.44) | 8.86 (7.44, 10.51) | 5.86 (5.29, 6.48) | < 0.001 |
| Current smoking | ||||||
| Boys’s age range, y | ||||||
| 6 - 10 | 0.59 (8.1e-04, 4.12) | 0.72 (0.24,2.16) | 0.5 (0.21,1.18) | 0.5 (0.21,1.47) | 0.56 (0.33,0.97) | 0.96 |
| 11 - 14 | 1.12 (0.28,4.37) | 1.94 (1.02,3.63) | 0.59 (0.24,1.45) | 1.99 (1.08,3.65) | 1.31 (0.88,1.94) | 0.06 |
| 15 - 18 | 8.37 (4.58,14.81) | 5.59 (3.41,9.03) | 6.19 (4.65, 8.20) | 16.79 (12.87, 21.6) | 8.97 (7.45, 10.75) | 0.00 |
| Total | 3.62 (1.99, 6.5) | 2.61 (1.73, 3.91) | 2.49 (1.86, 3.32) | 5.51 (4.09, 7.38) | 3.49 (2.91, 4.18) | < 0.001 |
| Girls’s age range, y | ||||||
| 6 - 10 | 1.31 (0.43, 3.88) | 0.57 (0.15, 2.17) | 0 | 0.77 (0.30, 1.98) | 0.44 (0.23, 0.83) | 0.01 |
| 11 - 14 | 0.49 (7.2e-04, 3.22) | 0.75 (0.24, 2.30) | 0.55 (0.22, 1.37) | 2.3 (1.33, 3.94) | 1.04 (0.67, 1.60) | < 0.001 |
| 15 - 18 | 1.03 (0.27, 3.81) | 5.2 (3.35, 7.98) | 1.84 (1.15, 2.95) | 5.1 (3.26, 7.89) | 3.38 (2.57, 4.42) | < 0.001 |
| Total | 0.95 (0.44, 2.04) | 2.31 (1.50, 3.53) | 0.79 (0.51, 1.24) | 2.92 (2.05, 4.14) | 1.66 (1.32, 2.08) | < 0.001 |
| Urban | 2.3 (1.07, 4.88) | 3.15 (2.33, 4.26) | 1.89 (1.45, 2.46) | 4.68 (3.66, 5.97) | 3.01 (2.57, 3.52) | < 0.001 |
| Rural | 2.08 (1.16, 3.69) | 0.62 (0.19, 2.00) | 0.92 (0.48, 1.78) | 2.16 (1.17, 3.96) | 1.27 (0.90, 1.80) | 0.055 |
| Total | 2.2 (1.33, 3.63) | 2.46 (1.82, 3.31) | 1.65 (1.29, 2.11) | 4.29 (3.39, 5.40) | 2.59 (2.24, 2.99) | < 0.001 |
aValues are expressed as % (95% CI).