Interleukin 10 (IL-10) was positively associated with performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task (DSST) in linear regression analyses after controlling for age, race, education, body mass index (BMI), and depression (as measured by the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) minus the psychomotor retardation item). IL-10 concentration and mean number of boxes correct on the DSST were positively correlated (r = 0.21, p = 0.046). All results are expressed as the natural log (Log) of the indicated variables.