Table 2.
Subject characteristics before and after a 21-day period of dietary modification.
| Variable | Traditional DF Pre | Traditional DF Post | Modified DF Pre | Modified DF Post | Unrestricted Vegan Pre | Unrestricted Vegan Post |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) * | 38.1 ± 4.7 | NA | 27.9 ± 3.8 | NA | 31.5 ± 4.5 | NA |
| Height (cm) | 165.1 ± 2.8 | NA | 167.7 ± 2.3 | NA | 168.9 ± 2.4 | NA |
| Weight (kg) | 69.4 ± 3.4 | 67.4 ± 3.3 | 72.4 ± 5.0 | 71.4 ± 5.2 | 75.0 ± 4.6 | 74.4 ± 4.6 |
| BMI (kg∙m−2) | 25.6 ± 1.4 | 24.8 ± 1.3 | 25.8 ± 1.8 | 25.4 ± 1.9 | 26.2 ± 1.3 | 26.0 ± 1.3 |
| Waist (cm) | 78.5 ± 3.6 | 78.6 ± 3.6 | 80.3 ± 4.0 | 78.9 ± 4.2 | 82.3 ± 4.4 | 82.5 ± 4.0 |
| Hip (cm) | 103.5 ± 2.9 | 103.8 ± 2.3 | 103.3 ± 3.0 | 102.3 ± 3.1 | 101.3 ± 3.4 | 103.0 ± 2.4 |
| Waist:Hip | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 0.76 ± 0.02 | 0.78 ± 0.02 | 0.77 ± 0.02 | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 0.80 ± 0.03 |
| Total Body Fat (%) * | 31.1 ± 2.5 | 30.2 ± 2.4 | 28.2 ± 2.9 | 27.8 ± 3.0 | 33.1 ± 2.4 | 32.4 ± 2.3 |
| Trunk Body Fat (%) | 31.1 ± 2.5 | 29.1 ± 1.8 | 26.3 ± 2.6 | 25.2 ± 2.9 | 30.5 ± 2.9 | 29.2 ± 2.8 |
| Fat Mass (kg) | 21.8 ± 2.4 | 20.4 ± 2.1 | 21.0 ± 3.5 | 20.5 ± 3.8 | 25.3 ± 2.8 | 24.6 ± 2.7 |
| Fat Free Mass (kg) * | 47.6 ± 2.7 | 47.0 ± 2.9 | 51.4 ± 3.1 | 50.9 ± 3.1 | 49.7 ± 2.7 | 49.8 ± 2.8 |
| Heart Rate (bpm) * | 80.2 ± 4.2 | 78.5 ± 4.0 | 69.1 ± 2.9 | 69.9 ± 3.8 | 73.2 ± 3.5 | 76.0 ± 4.0 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) *,† | 117.3 ± 4.4 | 110.6 ± 2.3 | 116.8 ± 2.4 | 111.5 ± 3.3 | 125.2 ± 3.3 | 120.6 ± 3.8 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73.2 ± 3.0 | 71.1 ± 3.0 | 70.2 ± 3.0 | 68.6 ± 2.9 | 67.3 ± 4.2 | 74.0 ± 4.2 |
Values are mean ± SEM. *: Group effect for age (p = 0.05); Modified DF < Traditional DF. *: Group effect for total body fat (p = 0.04); Modified DF < Traditional DF and Vegan. *: Group effect for fat free mass (p = 0.05); Modified DF > Traditional DF. *: Group effect for heart rate (p = 0.02); Modified DF < Traditional DF. *: Group effect for systolic BP (p = 0.01); Modified DF and Traditional DF < Vegan. †: Trend for time effect for systolic BP (p = 0.06). No other statistically significant differences noted (p > 0.05).