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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 21.
Published in final edited form as: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016 Jun 21;1374(1):176–183. doi: 10.1111/nyas.13122

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Chronic behavioral morbidities following POX-induced SE. Approximately 3 months following POX SE, surviving rats were tested on various behavioral assays to assess symptoms of depression and memory impairments. (A) Increased immobility time in POX SE rats during the forced swim test, indicative of behavioral despair. (B) Decreased sucrose consumption in POX SE rats on the sucrose preference test, indicative of anhedonia (inability to feel pleasure). (C) Enhanced anxiety in POX SE rats as characterized by significantly less time spent in the open arm of the elevated plus maze. (D) Impaired recognition memory in POX SE rats on the novel object recognition test, as rays displayed significantly less time spent exploring the novel object. All data expressed as mean ± SEM, *P < 0.05, t-test, n = 8 rats. Data adapted from Ref. 65.