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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Nutr. 2016 Jan 11;36(2):458–466. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.01.003

Table 3.

Dietary intake in 11 individuals with ADPKD by study visit.a

Recommendedb Baseline 2 weeks 4 weeks
Nutrient intake
 Energy Intakec (kcal) 1782–2138  2334 ± 416  2355 ± 425  2107 ± 399
 Fat (% of energy) 20–35%   34.6 ± 5.4   26.8 ± 7.2**   25.2 ± 6.0***
  Cholesterol (mg/d) NE    327 ± 138    185 ± 82**    192 ± 76*
 Carbohydrates (% of energy) 45–65%   47.4 ± 7.9   59.1 ± 8.2***   61.6 ± 8.7***
  Fiber (g/d) 21–38   20.4 ± 4.5   32.5 ± 7.4***   28.4 ± 6.8***
 Protein (% of energy) 10–35%   17.0 ± 4.1   12.3 ± 2.7***   13.7 ± 4.3***
 Protein (g/d) Based on body weight   97.8 ± 25.9   70.9 ± 12.9**   69.9 ± 18.4**
  Animal Protein (g/d) NE   68.5 ± 24.7   37.5 ± 15.2***   40.9 ± 20.3**
  Plant Protein (g/d) NE   29.3 ± 7.2   33.3 ± 14.4   29.0 ± 6.8
 Protein (g/kg) 0.8   1.39 ± 0.40   1.01 ± 0.19**   0.99 ± 0.25**
 Fruits and vegetables (g/d) NE    441 ± 258  1201 ± 355***  1214 ± 389***
Fluids
 Fluids (mL/d) 2700–3700  3229 ± 573  4628 ± 855***  4575 ± 1076**
Solute Intake
 Sodium (mEq/d) 57–65 155.8 ± 45.7 102.8 ± 23.5**   99.0 ± 25.8**
  Sodium (mEq/kg) –   2.26 ± 0.87   1.45 ± 0.29**   1.41 ± 0.37**
 Potassium (mEq/d) 120      74 ± 14    116 ± 21***    111 ± 24***
 Calcium (mEq/d) 50–60      63 ± 26      68 ± 34      64 ± 32
 Magnesium (mEq/d) 25.5–34.5      30 ± 7      39 ± 17      36 ± 17
 Phosphorus (mEq/d) 45      94 ± 18      81 ± 13      75 ± 10**
 Sulfur (mEq/d) NE        9 ± 3        6 ± 1***        6 ± 2***
 OA (mEq/d) NE   43.1 ± 3.8   43.0 ± 3.7   43.1 ± 3.7
Dietary Acids
 PRAL (mEq/d) NE   14.9 ± 20.0 −44.0 ± 24.0*** −41.7 ± 27.9***
 NEAP (mEq/d) NE   57.9 ± 21.4   −1.0 ± 23.6***     1.4 ± 28.0***
*

p ⁤ 0.05 compared to baseline.

**

p ⁤ 0.01 compared to baseline.

***

p ⁤ 0.001 compared to baseline.

a

Values are means ± SDs. ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; AI, adequate intake; AMDR, acceptable macronutrient dietary range; DRI, dietary recommended intake; NE, Not established; NEAP, net endogenous acid production; OA, organic acids; PRAL, potential renal acid load.

b

Acceptable Macronutrient Dietary Range, Adequate Intake (ranges based on gender and age ranges), or Recommended Dietary Allowances (ranges based on gender and age ranges) as appropriate.

c

Based on 25–30 kcal/kg actual body weight.