. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Clin Nutr. 2016 Jan 11;36(2):458–466. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.01.003

Table 4.

Urine constituents in 11 individuals with ADPKD by study visit.^a

	Baseline	2 weeks	4 weeks
Urinary Solute Excretion
Sodium (mEq/d)	149.4 ± 36.3	118.7 ± 42.9^*	120.3 ± 35.5^*
Potassium (mEq/d)	65.9 ± 12.7	101.9 ± 31.4^***	102.5 ± 23.9^***
Calcium (mEq/d)	8 ± 3	6 ± 3	6± 2^**
Magnesium (mEq/d)	8 ± 2	8 ± 2	8± 3
Chloride (mEq/d)	147 ± 31	128 ± 42	130 ± 32
Phosphorus (mEq/d)	50 ± 13	43 ± 11^*	47 ± 8
Sulfur^b (mEq/d)	41 ± 8	31 ± 8^***	32 ± 8^***
Urea Nitrogen, (g/d)	11.17 ± 2.39	7.83 ± 2.47^***	8.14 ± 2.30^***
Uric Acid (mg/dL)	573 ± 99	527 ± 120	559 ± 87
Creatinine (mg/d)	1600 ± 294	1491 ± 254^*	1495 ± 213^*
Urine osmoles (mosm/d)	843 ± 121	718 ± 153^**	726 ± 118^*
Urine osmolality (mosm/kg)	335 ± 84	205 ± 55^***	216 ± 70^***
Fluids
Urine volume (mL)	2671 ± 740	3642 ± 849^***	3598 ± 1005^*
Urine acid-base excretion
Urine pH^c (units)	5.90/6.06	6.26/6.90	6.21/6.78
Bicarbonate (mEq/d)	1.50 ± 1.20	3.45 ± 2.51^**	3.91 ± 2.85^**
Net Acid Excretion (mEq/d)	37.8 ± 14.3	18.1 ± 17.0^***	16.6 ± 22.5^***

p ≤ 0.05 compared to baseline.

^**

p ≤ 0.01 compared to baseline.

^***

p ≤ 0.001 compared to baseline.

Values are means ± SDs. ADPKD, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

Urinary sulfur was estimated based on an average content of methionine (2.4%) and cysteine (2.0%) from protein intake based on Remer’s equation [23]. Protein intake was calculated from the urea excretion [47].

Mean/median.