Table 3. Probit model predicting the probability of providing at least 30 minutes of unpaid childcare to non-own children in the previous day for women aged 50 years and older in the United States (average marginal coefficients).

	(1)		(2)		(3)
	β	se(β)	β	se(β)	β	se(β)
Immigration
<1-9 years in U.S. (ref.)
10+ years in U.S.	-0.055*	(0.026)	-0.032	(0.021)	-0.004	(0.015)
Native-born	-0.059*	(0.025)	-0.016	(0.021)	0.018	(0.015)
Individual-level
Non-Hispanic White (ref.)
Non-Hispanic Asian			0.003	(0.014)	-0.013	(0.012)
Hispanic			0.044***	(0.009)	0.008	(0.008)
Aged 50-59 (ref.)
60-69			0.010	(0.006)	0.012*	(0.006)
70-79			-0.048***	(0.006)	-0.036***	(0.006)
80+			-0.082***	(0.005)	-0.066***	(0.005)
Completed college			-0.030***	(0.004)	-0.020***	(0.004)
Married/In union (ref.)
Widowed			0.007	(0.006)	-0.013	(0.007)
Divorced/Separated			0.002	(0.005)	-0.016**	(0.006)
Never married			-0.050***	(0.005)	-0.055***	(0.005)
Employed			-0.021***	(0.005)	-0.018***	(0.005)
Household-level
1st income tertile (ref.)
2nd income tertile			0.000	(0.005)	0.0003	(0.005)
3rd income tertile			0.006	(0.006)	0.006	(0.006)
Missing			-0.001	(0.007)	-0.001	(0.007)
No. adults in household					-0.012*	(0.005)
1+ own adult child in household					-0.005	(0.008)
1+ child <6 in household					0.187***	(0.011)
1+ child 6-12 in household					0.190***	(0.010)
1+ child 13-17 in household					0.059***	(0.012)
Dummy for survey year	Yes		Yes		Yes
Unweighted N	29,629		29,629		29,629

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01,

^***p < 0.001

Source: Author's calculations using the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), 2003 to 2013. Estimates are weighted using ATUS-provided survey weights.