Table 4. OLS model predicting ln(minutes) of unpaid childcare provided to non-own children in the previous day for women aged 50 years and older in the United States who provided at least 30 minutes of care.

	(1)		(2)		(3)
	β	se(β)	β	se(β)	β	se(β)
Immigration
<1-9 years in U.S. (ref.)
10+ years in U.S.	-0.504**	(0.183)	-0.450*	(0.182)	-0.297*	(0.136)
Native-born	-0.809***	(0.169)	-0.613***	(0.184)	-0.392**	(0.140)
Individual-level
Non-Hispanic White (ref.)
Non-Hispanic Asian			0.402*	(0.169)	0.203	(0.142)
Hispanic			0.114	(0.089)	-0.103	(0.083)
Aged 50-59 (ref.)
60-69			-0.123*	(0.050)	-0.059	(0.047)
70-79			-0.237**	(0.073)	-0.139	(0.072)
80+			-0.319*	(0.125)	-0.128	(0.120)
Completed college			-0.160**	(0.055)	-0.059	(0.047)
Married/In union (ref.)
Widowed			0.105	(0.065)	-0.017	(0.069)
Divorced/Separated			0.121*	(0.053)	-0.012	(0.061)
Never married			-0.020	(0.130)	-0.132	(0.132)
Employed			-0.159***	(0.047)	-0.156***	(0.046)
Household-level
1st income tertile (ref.)
2nd income tertile					-0.076	(0.058)
3rd income tertile					-0.133*	(0.065)
Missing					0.003	(0.075)
No. adults in household					-0.007	(0.038)
1+ own adult child in household					-0.106	(0.072)
1+ child <6 in household					0.788***	(0.071)
1+ child 6-12 in household					0.760***	(0.059)
1+ child 13-17 in household					-0.238**	(0.075)
Dummy for survey year	Yes		Yes		Yes
Constant	5.531***	(0.176)	5.469***	(0.196)	5.224***	(0.183)
Unweighted N	2,504		2,504		2,504
R2	0.030		0.053		0.221

^*p < 0.05,

^**p < 0.01,

^***p < 0.001

Source: Author's calculations using the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), 2003 to 2013. Estimates weighted using ATUS-provided survey weights.