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. 2016 Jul 11;8:74. doi: 10.1186/s13073-016-0328-6

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Effects of LXRs and PPARG on cellular phenotypes and metabolites. a Proliferation assays using DNA content after 24, 48, and 96 h of drug treatment (24-h n = 10 for each treatment; 48/96-h n = 12 for each treatment). Luminescence values are presented for GW3965 (blue, LXR agonist), rosiglitazone (gold, PPARG agonist), and DMSO (gray, vehicle control) treatment. *p < 0.01. b Proliferation assays using ATP levels after 24, 48, and 96 h of drug treatment (24-h n = 15 DMSO, n = 8 rosiglitazone, n = 7 GW3965; 48/96-h n = 18 DMSO, n = 9 rosiglitazone, n = 9 GW3965). Luminescence values are presented for GW3965 (blue, LXR agonist), rosiglitazone (gold, PPARG agonist), and DMSO (gray, vehicle control) treatment. *p < 0.01. c Oxidative stress assays after 48 and 96 h of drug treatment (n = 18 DMSO, n = 9 rosiglitazone, n = 9 GW3965). Glutathione concentrations are presented for GW3965 (blue, LXR agonist), rosiglitazone (gold, PPARG agonist), and DMSO (gray, vehicle control) treatment. *p < 0.01. d The carbohydrate metabolism pathway illustrating key metabolites. e Relative metabolite abundance after 24 h of GW3965 (blue, LXR agonist), rosiglitazone (gold, PPARG agonist), and DMSO (gray, vehicle control) treatment. *p < 0.05. f Relative metabolite abundance after 48 h of GW3965 (blue, LXR agonist), rosiglitazone (gold, PPARG agonist), and DMSO (gray, vehicle control) treatment. *p < 0.05. Error bars represent standard deviation