Table 3. Ordered regression predicting perceptions of bioinformatics as a discipline and a service.
| Model 1: Discipline | Model 2: Service | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE | Wald | Exp(B) | B | SE | Wald | Exp(B) | |
| Dependent variable | ||||||||
| Totally disagree | −1.13 | .77 | 2.15 | −2.47 | .77 | 10.39 | ||
| Disagree | 0.08 | .76 | 0.01 | −1.28 | .76 | 2.83 | ||
| Neither agree nor disagree | 0.76 | .76 | 0.99 | −0.67 | .76 | 0.77 | ||
| Agree | 2.64 | .78 | 11.37 | 0.99 | .76 | 1.69 | ||
| Ref: totally agree | ||||||||
| Independent variables | ||||||||
| Controls | ||||||||
| Gender | 0.00 | .19 | 0.00 | 1.0 | 0.09 | .19 | 0.24 | 1.1 |
| Seniority | −0.10*** | .04 | 6.11 | 0.9 | −0.06* | .04 | 2.62 | 0.9 |
| UG degree period | ||||||||
| During HGP | 0.01 | .17 | 0.01 | 1.0 | −0.29** | .18 | 2.77 | 0.7 |
| Post-HGP | 0.34 | .31 | 1.18 | 1.4 | −0.44* | .31 | 1.99 | 0.6 |
| Ref: Pre-HGP | ||||||||
| Discipline | ||||||||
| Bioinformatics | 0.07 | .17 | 0.16 | 1.1 | −0.50*** | .18 | 8.01 | 0.6 |
| Biology | −0.45*** | .15 | 8.54 | 0.6 | 0.05 | .15 | 0.09 | 1.0 |
| Medicine | −0.01 | .26 | 0.00 | 1.0 | −0.10 | .26 | 0.16 | 0.9 |
| Computer Science | −0.18 | .18 | 1.01 | 0.8 | 0.01 | .18 | 0.00 | 1.0 |
| Mathematics | −0.05 | .25 | 0.05 | 0.9 | 0.41* | .25 | 2.66 | 1.5 |
| Statistics | −0.26* | .19 | 1.99 | 0.8 | −0.08 | .19 | 0.17 | 0.9 |
| Funding source | ||||||||
| RCUK | −0.32** | .17 | 3.69 | 0.7 | −0.34** | .17 | 4.12 | 0.7 |
| Charity | 0.09 | .16 | 0.33 | 1.1 | −0.33** | .16 | 3.99 | 0.7 |
| NHS | −0.07 | .34 | 0.04 | 0.9 | −0.26 | .36 | 0.52 | 0.8 |
| Commercial | 0.16 | .19 | 0.73 | 1.2 | 0.20 | .19 | 1.06 | 1.2 |
| EU | 0.03 | .16 | 0.03 | 1.0 | −0.25* | .16 | 2.46 | 0.8 |
| Esteem indicators | ||||||||
| Software | 0.12** | .06 | 3.81 | 1.1 | 0.09* | .06 | 1.94 | 1.1 |
| Funding | 0.16** | .07 | 4.95 | 1.2 | −0.11* | .07 | 2.30 | 0.9 |
| Teaching | 0.22*** | .07 | 9.93 | 1.2 | 0.03 | .07 | 0.13 | 1.0 |
| Papers | −0.10 | .09 | 1.26 | 0.9 | −0.16** | .09 | 2.90 | 0.9 |
| Service | −0.06 | .06 | 0.90 | 0.9 | 0.01 | .06 | 0.01 | 1.0 |
| PhD supervision | −0.03 | .08 | 0.10 | 1.0 | −0.13* | .08 | 2.45 | 0.9 |
| Conference | 0.07 | .08 | 0.88 | 1.1 | 0.04 | .08 | 0.23 | 1.0 |
| Patents | 0.00 | .09 | 0.00 | 1.0 | 0.09 | .09 | 0.99 | 1.1 |
| Commercial | 0.03 | .08 | 0.11 | 1.0 | 0.05 | .08 | 0.37 | 1.1 |
| Modes of learning | ||||||||
| Informal | −0.01 | .11 | 0.00 | 1.0 | −0.23** | .11 | 4.71 | 0.8 |
| Formal | 0.02 | .07 | 0.14 | 1.0 | 0.03 | .06 | 0.21 | 1.0 |
| Perceptions | ||||||||
| Imp. bckgrnd medicine | 0.03 | .09 | 0.10 | 1.0 | 0.48*** | .09 | 26.36 | 1.6 |
| Imp. bckgrnd comp sci | 0.12* | .09 | 1.85 | 1.1 | 0.09 | .09 | 1.06 | 1.1 |
| Model fit | ||||||||
| −2 log likelihood | 598.890 | 615.910 | ||||||
| Model χ2 | 57.381 | 82.566 | ||||||
| df | 28 | 28 | ||||||
| sig. | .001 | .000 | ||||||
| Na | 245 | 242 | ||||||
| Nagelkerke Pseudo R2 | .22 | .31 | ||||||
Notes: B = coefficient (mean change in the response variable for one unit of change in the predictor variable while holding other predictors in the model constant); SE = standard error (the standard error around the coefficient for the constant); Wald = Wald Test; Exp(B) = the exponentiation of the B coefficient, which is an odds ratio (this value is given by default because odds ratios can be easier to interpret than the coefficient, which is in log-odds units).
aReduction in sample size due to listwise deletion of cases necessary for regression requirements.
*Level of statistical significance: p < .10.
**Level of statistical significance: p < .05.
***Level of statistical significance: p < .01.