Table 5.

IRs of fractures in HIV/HCV coinfection and predictors of fracture.

Author	Crude incidence rate per 1000 person-years in HIV/HCV-coinfection (95% CI) [fracture type]	Predictors of fractures from multivariate analysis [population of predictor analysis]
Hansen et al. [40]	39.15 (34.54–44.39) [all fractures]	NAa
Yin et al. [34]	26.78 (20.40–35.14)e [all fractures]	HCV-infection, older age, white race, high serum creatinine [HIV-infected and uninfected]
Young et al. [21]	62.27 (47.33–81.94)b [all fractures]	HCV-infectionc, older agec, BMI <18.5 kg/m2c, substance abuse, nadir CD4+ cell count <200 cells/μl, diabetes [all HIV-infected]
Collin et al. [35]	7.18 (4.08–12.64)e [high-grade fractures]	HCV-coinfection, excessive alcohol drinking [all HIV-infected]
Lo Re III et al. [6]	3.75 (3.48–4.06) [only hip fractures]	Older age, hepatic decompensationd [all patients, HIV-infected and uninfected]
Maalouf et al. [27]	2.57 (2.33–2.84) [fragility fractures]	HCV-coinfection, older age, white race, tobacco use, low BMI (<20 kg/m2), cirrhosis, APRI score [all HIV-infected]

ADI, AIDS-defining illness; APRI, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index.

^aPredictors not reported because all HCV-infected individuals were excluded from final analysis.

^bExtrapolated from data on Table 4 of Young et al. [21], Risk Factors for Bone Fracture Among 5054 HOPS Patients followed during the contemporary. HAART Era, 2002–2008.

^cRemained significant when analysis was limited to only fragility fractures.

^dHepatic decompensation was unique to HCV-monoinfected group analysis.

^eCalculated from unpublished data obtained from authors.