Table 1.
Socioeconomic healthcare inequalities in England, comparing 2004/2005 with 2011/2012
| Indicator | England mean (95% CI) | RII (95% CI) | SII (95% CI) | Inequality gap (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary care supply | ||||
| 2004 | 1814 (1814 to 1814) | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.09) | 156.1 (141.29 to 170.91) | 1008 (924 to 1093) |
| 2011 | 1689 (1689 to 1689) | –0.02 (−0.03 to −0.01) | –36.61 (−49.8 to −23.42) | –335 (−436 to −233) |
| Change 2011–2004 | –125 (−125 to −125) | –0.11 (−0.12 to −0.1) | –192.71 (−212.55 to −172.87) | –1343 (−1473 to −1213) |
| Primary care quality | ||||
| 2004 | 76.91 (76.91 to 76.91) | 0.05 (0.05 to 0.05) | 3.73 (3.58 to 3.87) | 1.86 (1.79 to 1.94) |
| 2011 | 86.34 (86.34 to 86.34) | 0.01 (0.00 to 0.01) | 0.44 (0.37 to 0.51) | 0.22 (0.18 to 0.26) |
| Change 2011–2004 | 9.44 (9.44 to 9.44) | –0.04 (−0.05 to −0.04) | –3.29 (−3.45 to −3.13) | –1.64 (−1.72 to −1.56) |
| Preventable hospitalisation | ||||
| 2004 | 6.43 (6.43 to 6.44) | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.02) | 6.48 (6.39 to 6.58) | 160 397 (158 090 to 162 703) |
| 2011 | 5.73 (5.73 to 5.74) | 1.06 (1.04 to 1.07) | 6.07 (5.97 to 6.16) | 158 396 (155 995 to 160 797) |
| Change 2011–2004 | –0.7 (−0.71 to −0.69) | 0.05 (0.03 to 0.07) | –0.42 (−0.55 to −0.29) | –2000 (−5270 to 1284) |
| Amenable mortality | ||||
| 2004 | 3.21 (3.21 to 3.22) | 0.52 (0.5 to 0.54) | 1.68 (1.62 to 1.74) | 41 433 (39 899 to 42 966) |
| 2011 | 2.53 (2.53 to 2.54) | 0.57 (0.55 to 0.59) | 1.45 (1.4 to 1.5) | 37 983 (36 552 to 39 415) |
| Change 2011–2004 | –0.68 (−0.69 to −0.67) | 0.05 (0.02 to 0.08) | –0.23 (−0.31 to −0.15) | –3449 (−5516 to −1375) |
The England means and the SII indices are measured in terms of patients per physician, average primary care quality, preventable hospitalisation per 1000, and amenable mortality per 1000. The RII indices are the SII indices as a proportion of the England means. The inequality gaps refer to the number of GPs required to eliminate inequality, the average quality loss attributable to inequality, the total excess hospitalisations attributable to inequality, and the total excess mortality attributable to inequality.
GP, general practitioners; RII, relative index of inequality; SII, slope index of inequality.