Study Type	Effect Studied	Experimental Model	Result	Reference
In vitro	Selectivity.	A549, HT29 and LoVo cells or P388 and KB cells.	Kahalalide F displayed selectivity against solid tumor cell lines with IC50 values of 2.5, 0.25 and < 1.0 µg/ml against A549, HT29 and LoVo, respectively, while IC50 values against P388 and KB cells were 10 and > 10 µg/ml, respectively.	506285
In vitro	Efficacy.	Various prostate and breast cancer cell lines, as well as cell lines derived from normal human tissues.	Kahalalide F displayed potent cytotoxic activity against various prostate and breast cancer cell lines (DU145, LNCaP, SKBR3, BT474 and MCF7) with IC50 values ranging from 0.07 (PC3) to 0.28 µM. However, non-tumor human cell lines derived from various origins (MCF10A, HUVEC, HMEC-1 and IMR90) were 5- to 40-fold less sensitive, with IC50 values of 1.6 to 3.1 µM.	526699
In vitro	Activity.	PC3 cells incubated with kahalalide F at 0.25 or 0.5 µM for 12 to 48 h and analyzed by flow cytometry, and PC3 cells incubated with 0.5 µM for 2 to 24 h followed by DNA analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis.	No hypodiploid peak (characteristic of apoptosis) nor arrest in any phase of the cell cycle for PC3 cells was observed and there was no evidence of a ladder typical of the DNA degradation caused by apoptosis.	526699
In vitro	Toxicity.	Murine-derived cardiac (H9 c2 (2-1)), skeletal muscle (L8), liver (AML-12), kidney (NRK-52E), and myelogenous stem (FDC-P1) cells exposed to kahalalide F.	LD50 values against H9 c2 (2-1), L8, AML-12, NRK-52E and FDC-P1 cells were 5 mM, 0.6 mM, 0.17 µM, 1.6 µM and 14 µM, respectively.	389847
In vitro	Toxicity.	Immunohistochemical method to determine viability of neural cells after kahalalide F exposure.	At 10 µM, kahalalide F was toxic to CNS neurons, but spared astrocytes, sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord.	389847