Table 3. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of factors affecting overall survival.
| Training cohort | Validation cohort | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate | Multivariate | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||||
| HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Age | Continuous | 1.01 (0.96-1.06) | 0.660 | 1.01 (0.98-1.05) | 0.373 | ||||
| Sex | Female (vs. Male) | 0.92 (0.26-3.27) | 0.898 | 1.89 (0.83-4.29) | 0.129 | ||||
| Smoking | Yes (vs. No) | 1.67 (0.60-4.61) | 0.322 | 0.79 (0.29-2.15) | 0.648 | ||||
| ECOG | 1 (vs. 0) | 0.93 (0.26-3.35) | 0.916 | 2.60 (1.14-5.97) | 0.024 | 3.14 (1.36-7.26) | 0.007 | ||
| Stage | Continuous | 1.66 (0.82-3.37) | 0.158 | 0.84 (0.59-1.19) | 0.318 | ||||
| Location | Oropharynx (vs. Non-oropharynx) | 0.22 (0.05-0.97) | 0.046 | 0.25 (0.06-1.10) | 0.067 | 0.43 (0.17-1.10) | 0.077 | ||
| PD-L1 | Positive (vs. Negative) | 0.46 (0.16-1.31) | 0.148 | 1.78 (0.73-4.34) | 0.206 | ||||
| p16 | Positive (vs. Negative) | 0.50 (0.16-1.61) | 0.246 | 0.47 (0.18-1.26) | 0.135 | ||||
| EMT | Positive (vs. Negative) | 3.19 (1.12-9.07) | 0.029 | 2.82 (1.01-7.94) | 0.049 | 3.48 (1.44-8.41) | 0.006 | 4.15 (1.70-10.1) | 0.002 |
Bold values indicate statistically significant correlations with P values less than 0.05.
Abbreviation: ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition.