Fig. 4.

Metabolome analysis of WT and phytochrome mutants sampled at dawn (EON) and dusk (EOD). (A) Distribution of samples clustered using PCA. Sample replicates from each genotype were grouped in ellipses. (B–D) Quantification of sugars and alcohols (B), organic acids (C), and amino acids (D) in phyABDE and WT plants. Asterisks indicate a significant difference between values of the phyABDE and WT at EOD and EON. *P ≤ 0.05, Student’s t test. (E) Diurnal expression profiles (determined by qRT-PCR) of metabolic enzyme genes involved in TCA and related pathways (FUM1, FUM2, ATCS, ACN1) for WT and phyABDE plants, using double plotting for visualization purposes. Values are presented as mean ± SEM.