Fig. 2.
Soluble OX40L is overexpressed in the serum of patients with SSc and is predictive of worsening of fibrosis. (A) Serum OX40L levels in patients with SSc (n = 177) and in healthy controls (n = 100). (B, C, and E) Kaplan–Meier survival curves for worsening of dermal fibrosis (B), lung fibrosis (C) and de novo development of PAH (E) during the follow-up period according to OX40L levels in serum at baseline. The dashed line represents survival probability in patients with high OX40L levels in serum at baseline (concentration equal to or above the 95th percentile in healthy controls, i.e., 8.4370). The solid line represents survival probability in patients with low OX40L levels in serum at baseline (concentration below the 95th percentile in healthy controls, i.e., 8.4370). The number of patients with SSc at risk is noted below the curves. (D) Serum OX40L levels in patients with SSc with (n = 8) and without (n = 169) PAH. *P < 0.05.