Table 3.
Log Odds and Standard Errors from Logistic Regression Models Predicting Completion of All 4-Year College Preparatory Courses
| Model B1 Baseline | Model B2 Linguistic | Model B3 Social | Model B4 Academic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| B | (SE) | B | (SE) | B | (SE) | B | (SE) | |
|
|
||||||||
| Intercept | −2.10 | (0.18)*** | −4.23 | (0.39)*** | −4.51 | (0.44)*** | −5.22 | (1.03)*** |
| Language Cohort (ref: English Learner) | ||||||||
| LM not in ESL | 1.32 | (0.18)*** | 1.31 | (0.18)*** | 1.29 | (0.19)*** | 1.06 | (0.22)*** |
| Native English speaker | 1.60 | (0.17)*** | 1.81 | (0.19)*** | 1.72 | (0.21)*** | 1.13 | (0.24)*** |
| Linguistic Background | ||||||||
| Started school in U.S. in: | ||||||||
| Kindergarten (ref) | – | – | – | |||||
| Between 1st and 3rd grade | 0.07 | (0.16) | −0.03 | (0.16) | −0.13 | (0.18) | ||
| Between 4th and 6th grade | 0.28 | (0.17)+ | 0.10 | (0.19) | 0.01 | (0.22) | ||
| Between 7th and 8th grade | 0.24 | (0.22) | 0.11 | (0.25) | −0.09 | (0.28) | ||
| 9th grade | 0.38 | (0.23)+ | 0.26 | (0.24) | 0.23 | (0.28) | ||
| 10th grade | −0.34 | (0.35) | −0.59 | (0.42) | −0.72 | (0.49) | ||
| Language: | ||||||||
| 10th grader’s English proficiency | 0.06 | (0.03)* | 0.05 | (0.03)+ | −0.03 | (0.03) | ||
| How often 10th grader speaks native language | 0.04 | (0.02)* | 0.05 | (0.02)** | 0.03 | (0.02) | ||
| Current English proficiency of parent | 0.10 | (0.02)*** | 0.00 | (0.02) | 0.00 | (0.02) | ||
| How often parent speaks native language | 0.08 | (0.01)*** | 0.05 | (0.01)*** | 0.01 | (0.02) | ||
| Social Background | ||||||||
| Male | −0.31 | (0.05)*** | 0.03 | (0.05) | ||||
| Race (ref:White, non-Hispanic) | ||||||||
| Black, non-Hispanic | −0.07 | (0.09) | 0.08 | (0.12) | ||||
| Hispanic | −0.34 | (0.10)** | 0.14 | (0.12) | ||||
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 0.47 | (0.12)*** | 0.60 | (0.15)*** | ||||
| Other race | −0.38 | (0.12)** | 0.01 | (0.14) | ||||
| Social class: | ||||||||
| Parents completed BA or higher | 0.48 | (0.06)*** | 0.14 | (0.06)* | ||||
| Family income | 0.12 | (0.01)*** | 0.02 | (0.01) | ||||
| Number of siblings | −0.09 | (0.01)*** | −0.02 | (0.02) | ||||
| Academic Background | ||||||||
| Age | −0.04 | (0.05) | ||||||
| Academic and cognitive history | ||||||||
| Ever retained grade | −0.19 | (0.09)* | ||||||
| Ever in remedial math | −0.06 | (0.12) | ||||||
| Ever in remedial English | 0.02 | (0.14) | ||||||
| Early high school achievement | ||||||||
| 9th grade GPA in core courses | 0.71 | (0.06)*** | ||||||
| 10th grade reading test score | 0.02 | (0.00)*** | ||||||
| Expectations and other educational markers | ||||||||
| 10th grader’s educational expectations | 0.15 | (0.02)*** | ||||||
| Others expecting college for 10th grader | 0.09 | (0.02)*** | ||||||
| Dropped out after the 10th grade | −4.74 | (0.81)*** | ||||||
| Held back a grade after the 10th grade | −1.08 | (0.38)** | ||||||
|
| ||||||||
| BIC | 19360000 | 19260000 | 18090000 | 13660000 | ||||
Note: Each model estimated with approximately 14,920 students in over 740 schools.
Note:
+
p < 0.10,
*
p < 0.05,
**
p < 0.01,
***
p < 0.001