Fig. 1. Petrographic survey of magnetite-bearing Vigarano-like carbonaceous (CV) chondrules.

(A) Backscattered electron image of a porphyritic olivine-pyroxene (POP) chondrule in Kaba (CV3) revealing the preferential distribution of sulfides (FeS) and magnetites (Fe₃O₄) in the outer zone mainly composed of low-Ca pyroxenes. (B) Ameboidal Fe₃O₄ in contact with olivine, low-Ca pyroxene, and mesostasis (meso) within a chondrule of Vigarano. (C) Ameboidal Fe₃O₄ surrounded by mesostasis in Kaba. (D) Ameboidal Fe₃O₄ in contact with olivine, low-Ca pyroxene, and mesostasis within a chondrule of Vigarano. (E) Liquid-shaped Fe₃O₄ entrapped between olivine in a POP chondrule of Vigarano. A rounded opaque assemblage (OA) is also observed in direct contact with the magnetite. (F) Large sulfide-magnetite pool partially entrapping olivine and low-Ca pyroxenes within a chondrule of Vigarano.