Figure 3. Aβ deposition and synapse loss in Pdx1^+/−/APP/PS1 mice.

(A) Immunohistochemical staining indicating the distribution of Aβ plaques in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 and Pdx1^+/−/APP/PS1 mouse brains. (B,C) Quantification revealed that hyperglycemia significantly increased the number and area of Aβ plaques in the cortex and hippocampus. Analysis was performed using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. (D,E) Western blot analysis demonstrated that the Aβ oligomer levels were markedly increased in the Pdx1^+/−/APP/PS1 mouse brains compared with the APP/PS1 mouse brains. GAPDH was used as an internal control. (F) Immunofluorescence labeling and confocal microscopy analysis revealed the distribution and expression of anti-SYP and Aβ in the brain sections of the APP/PS1 mice. Negative stains for SYP indicated synaptic loss. Scale bar = 100 μm. Data represent the mean ± S.E. (n = 10). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with the WT control group; ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01 compared with the APP/PS1 group.