Table 2.
Polytomous Regression for Type of Resistance Among Newly Diagnosed Adult TB Patients in Tbilisi, Georgia, 2011–2014
| Variable | Type of Resistance |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any Resistance (but not M/XDR) bvs Fully Susceptiblea |
M/XDRc vs Fully Susceptible |
|||
| cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)d | cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI)d | |
| Age | ||||
| 35–54 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| ≥55 | 0.59 (.32–1.10) | 0.72 (.36–1.42) | 0.90 (.46–1.77) | 0.94 (.44–2.00) |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 1.72 (.86–3.42) | 0.71 (.25–2.04) | 0.91 (.45–1.85) | 0.84 (.27–2.61) |
| Education (formal years) | ||||
| <High School completed (≤9) | 1.20 (.48–3.01) | 2.17 (.54–8.64) | ||
| High school (10–11) | 1.19 (.65–2.18) | 5.35 (2.12–13.55)e | ||
| >High School (≥12) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Household Income (USD/month) | ||||
| ≤$59 | 1.48 (.76–2.87) | 1.65 (.81–3.36) | 3.15 (1.43–6.93) | 3.51 (1.56–8.20) |
| $60–$176 | 1.03 (.52–2.03) | 1.14 (.54–2.43) | 1.51 (.65–3.55) | 1.78 (.72–4.41) |
| ≥$177 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Internally Displaced | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.38 (.10–1.36) | 1.24 (.45–3.47) | ||
| Prior History of Incarceration | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.22 (.57–2.63) | 0.97 (.38–2.45) | ||
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Never smoker | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Past smoker | 3.25 (1.30–8.15) | 3.94 (1.25–12.47) | 1.16 (.49–2.73) | 1.52 (48–4.76) |
| Current smoker | 3.76 (1.60–8.79) | 4.56 (1.49–14.02) | 1.05 (.48–2.28) | 1.52 (.50–4.59) |
| Alcohol Use | ||||
| Never | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Intermediate | 1.61 (.73–3.55) | 1.14 (.42–3.07) | 0.68 (.28–1.64) | 0.82 (.27–2.47) |
| Heavy | 2.16 (1.08–4.33) | 1.28 (.48–3.44) | 0.97 (.47–2.01) | 0.93 (.32–2.72) |
| Contact with MDR TB Patient | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.30 (.47–3.56) | 1.07 (.32–3.59) | ||
| BMI | ||||
| <18.5 | 0.89 (.43–1.85) | 0.79 (.33–1.90) | ||
| 18.5–24.9 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥25 | 1.40 (.59–3.312) | 2.17 (.90–5.25) | ||
| Diabetes | ||||
| No Diabetes | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Diabetes | 0.80 (.33–1.94) | 1.20 (.46–3.14) | 1.89 (.82–4.38) | 2.51 (1.00–6.31) |
| HIV Status | ||||
| Negative | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Positive | 2.28 (.50–10.45) | 1.86 (.39–8.89) | 2.61 (.51–13.38) | 2.57 (.47–14.05) |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.76 (.35–1.65) | 1.26 (.57–2.81) | ||
| Liver Disease | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.84 (.36–1.98) | 2.19 (.98–4.86) | ||
| Kidney Disease | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.16 (.43–3.13) | 1.01 (.35–2.91) | 2.08 (.79–5.51) | 1.65 (.59–4.63) |
| Cavitary Disease | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.61 (.83–3.15) | 2.96 (1.48–6.03) | ||
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; cOR, crude odds ratio; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MDR, multidrug resistant; MTB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; M/XDR, MDR or XDR tuberculosis; TB, tuberculosis; XDR, extensively drug resistant.
a Patients with MTB susceptible to all of the first-line TB drugs used in Georgia (isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and streptomycin).
b Patients with MTB resistant to at least 1 first-line TB drug but not MDR TB (including patients with monodrug-resistant TB, polydrug-resistant TB, and patients with missing no more than 3 first-line drug-susceptibility test results).
c Patients with MTB resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin; there were 49 patients of MDR TB and 3 patients of XDR TB.
d Adjusted odds ratio after controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, smoking status, alcohol use, HIV status, diabetes status, and kidney disease. Empty cells mean that the variables were not included in the multivariate model.
e Bold indicates that the finding is statistically significant at level of confidence of 5% (P < .05).