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. 2016 Jul 12;16:452. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2516-6

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© The Author(s). 2016

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Mitochondrial ROS mediated silibinin-induced ER stress in PC-3 cells. a PC-3 cells were treated with 150 μM silibinin for 24 h with the presence or absence of 0.5 μM DPI. The intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration was determined by the fluorescence of fluo-3/AM. b The effects of DPI on silibinin-induced ER stress were measured by western blotting. β-Actin was used as a loading control. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3 in each group). ^* p <0.001 vs. the control group.