Table 1.
Clinical Characteristics of Patients in the Study Groups
| Placebo Group (n=149) | Vitamin E Group (n=149) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline clinical characteristics | |||
| Age, y | 67±10 | 66±11 | 0.4 |
| Male | 69 (46.3) | 68 (45.6) | 0.9 |
| Height, m | 1.62 (1.53–1.7) | 1.63 (1.54–1.7) | 0.4 |
| Weight, kg | 78 (67–83) | 75 (67–86) | 0.8 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.8 (26–32.1) | 28.7 (25.2–32.3) | 0.7 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 102 (90–112) | 101 (90–110) | 0.4 |
| Systolic BP, mm/Hg | 130 (115–140) | 130 (110–140) | 0.3 |
| Diastolic BP, mm/Hg | 80 (70–80) | 78 (70–80) | 0.2 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 78 (70–80) | 78 (70–80) | 1 |
| LVEF, % | 50 (45–55) | 50 (40–50) | 0.1 |
| Hypertension | 120 (80.5) | 119 (79.9) | 0.8 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 53 (35.6) | 53 (35.6) | 1 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 25 (16.8) | 26 (17.4) | 0.8 |
| Current smoking | 34 (22.8) | 29 (19.5) | 0.4 |
| Congestive heart failure | 15 (10.1) | 7 (4.7) | 0.076 |
| Prior MI | 15 (10.1) | 18 (12.1) | 0.5 |
| Prior coronary stenting | 10 (6.7) | 9 (6) | 0.8 |
| Prior cerebrovascular events | 2 (1.3) | 4 (2.7) | 0.4 |
| Metabolic syndromea | 82 (55) | 75 (50.3) | 0.4 |
| Mehran risk score | 7.5 (5–10) | 7.35 (5.3–9.5) | 0.6 |
| Medications | |||
| Beta blockers | 74 (49.7) | 77 (51.7) | 0.7 |
| ACEIs | 31 (20.8) | 37 (24.8) | 0.4 |
| ARBs | 56 (37.6) | 54 (36.2) | 0.8 |
| Statins | 80 (53.7) | 75 (50.3) | 0.5 |
| Diuretics | 41 (27.5) | 50 (33.6) | 0.2 |
| Aspirin | 110 (73.8) | 104 (69.8) | 0.4 |
| Nitrates | 77 (51.7) | 71 (47.7) | 0.4 |
| Procedural features | |||
| Presentation | 0.093 | ||
| Stable IHD | 62 (41.6) | 48 (32.2) | |
| NSTE‐ACS | 87 (58.4) | 101 (67.8) | |
| Multivessel disease | 45 (30.2) | 48 (32.2) | 0.7 |
| Contrast volume, mL | 50 (50–100) | 50 (40–100) | 0.6 |
| Contrast volume ≥140 mL | 32 (21.5) | 28 (18.8) | 0.5 |
| Baseline serum laboratories | |||
| HDL, mg/dL | 37 (32–45) | 37 (32–45) | 0.7 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 147 (112–191) | 135 (103–187) | 0.1 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 146 (120–185) | 150 (123–180) | 0.6 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 98 (80–130) | 100 (81–130) | 0.5 |
| Blood sugar, mg/dL | 113 (94–165) | 122 (102–177) | 0.1 |
Values are presented as mean±SD, median (interquartile range), or number (%). ACEI indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; IHD; ischemic heart disease; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MI, myocardial infarction; NSTE‐ACS, non–ST‐segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.
a
Metabolic syndrome was detected as a criterion defined by the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program.24