Table 1. Immunohistochemical staining of beta-catenin, adenomatous polyposis coli glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β), axin 1 and ubiquitin in colorectal carcinoma, adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa, and colonic adenoma.
| Protein | Grade of immunohistochemical stained | CRC | Adjacent non-neoplastic mucosa | Adenoma | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |||
| Beta-catenin | 50 (78.1) | 44 (68.7) | 53 (74.6) | <0.001* (tumor versus adenoma) | |
| Strong | 37 (74.0) | 22 (50.0) | 8 (15.1) | <0.001* (tumor versus mucosa) <0.0001* (adenoma versus mucosa) | |
| Reduced | 13 (26.0) | 22 (50.0) | 45 (84.9) | ||
| APC | 42 (65.6) | 42 (65.6) | 53 (74.6) | <0.0001* (tumor versus adenoma) 0.24, NS (mucosa versus tumor) <0.0001* (adenoma versus mucosa) | |
| Strong | 38 (90.4) | 41 (97.6) | 24 (45.2) | ||
| Reduced | 4 (9.5) | 1 (2.4) | 29 (54.7) | ||
| GSK3β | 54 (84.4) | 54 (84.4) | 46 (70.4) | 0.0005* (tumor versus adenoma) 1.00, NS (tumor versus adenoma) 0.0005* (adenoma versus mucosa) | |
| Strong | 46 (85.2) | 46 (85.2) | 6 (13.1) | ||
| Reduced | 8 (14.8) | 8 (14.8) | 40 (86.9) | ||
| Axin 1 | 61 (95.3) | 49 (76.5) | 0.04* | ||
| Strong | 34 (55.7) | 13 (26.5) | |||
| Reduced | 27 (44.3) | 36 (73.4) | |||
| Ubiquitin | 48 (75.0) | 48 (75.0) | 0.3, NS | ||
| Strong | 18 (37.5) | 29 (60.4) | |||
| Reduced | 30 (62.5) | 19 (39.6) |
* Significant. CRC: colorectal carcinoma; NS: non significant; APC: adenomatous polyposis coli.