Table 4.
Associations Between Body Fat Depots and Presence of Coronary Plaque (Score >0) and Coronary Artery Stenosis >50%
| Plaque Type, Analytic Model | Visceral Adipose Tissue |
Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue |
Thigh Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue (tSAT) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (N = 937) | HIV+ (N = 596) | HIV− (N = 341) | All (N = 937) | HIV+ (N = 596) | HIV− (N = 341) | All (N = 938) | HIV+ (N = 596) | HIV− (N = 342) | |
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| CAC | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 (.98–1.02) | 1.00 (.98–1.02) | 0.99 (.96–1.02) | 1.00 (.99–1.01) | 0.99 (.98–1.01) | 1.00 (.98–1.03) | 1.00 (.95–1.06) | 0.99 (.92–1.06) | 1.03 (.94–1.12) |
| Model 2 | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 1.00 (.98–1.03) | 0.97 (.92–1.01) | 0.99 (.96–1.01) | 0.99 (.96–1.01) | 0.99 (.95–1.02) | 0.99 (.93–1.06) | 0.99 (.90–1.08) | 1.00 (.88–1.13) |
| Noncalcified Plaque (NCP)a,b | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.02c (1.00–1.04) | 1.04* (1.01–1.07) | 0.99 (.96–1.03) | 1.00 (.99–1.01) | 1.00 (.99–1.02) | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 1.01 (.95–1.07) | 1.04 (.96–1.12) | 0.99 (.91–1.07) |
| Model 2 | 1.02d (.99–1.05) | 1.04* (1.00–1.08) | 0.99 (.95–1.03) | 0.98 (.96–1.00) | 0.98 (.95–1.01) | 0.98 (.95–1.02) | 0.98 (.91–1.05) | 1.00 (.90–1.11) | 0.96 (.85–1.09) |
| Calcified Plaque (CP)a,b | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.04 (.98–1.02) | 1.01 (.98–1.04) | 0.99 (.95–1.02) | 1.00 (.99–1.02) | 1.00 (.99–1.02) | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 1.02 (.96–1.08) | 1.04 (.96–1.13) | 0.96 (.87–1.06) |
| Model 2 | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 1.00 (.97–1.04) | 0.98 (.94–1.03) | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 0.99 (.96–1.02) | 0.98 (.94–1.03) | 1.00 (.92–1.09) | 1.02 (.92–1.14) | 0.93 (.80–1.08) |
| Mixed Plaque (MP)a,b | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.00 (.98–1.02) | 1.00 (.98–1.03) | 0.99 (.96–1.03) | 0.99 (.98–1.00) | 0.99 (.97–1.01) | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 0.98 (.92–1.04) | 0.98 (.90–1.06) | 0.98 (.89–1.08) |
| Model 2 | 1.01 (.98–1.04) | 1.01 (.98–1.05) | 1.00 (.96–1.05) | 0.99 (.96–1.01) | 0.98 (.95–1.01) | 1.01 (.97–1.05) | 1.00 (.92–1.08) | 0.99 (.89–1.10) | 1.04 (.89–1.20) |
| Total Plaque Scorea,b | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 1.02 (.99–1.05) | 1.04* (1.00–1.08) | 0.99 (.95–1.04) | 1.01 (.99–1.02) | 1.01 (.99–1.03) | 1.00 (.98–1.03) | 1.05 (.98–1.12) | 1.05 (.96–1.16) | 1.03 (.92–1.14) |
| Model 2 | 1.02 (.98–1.05) | 1.04 (.995–1.09) | 0.98 (.93–1.04) | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 0.99 (.96–1.02) | 1.00 (.96–1.04) | 1.04 (.95–1.14) | 1.03 (.91–1.16) | 1.04 (.89–1.22) |
| Stenosis >50%a,b | |||||||||
| Model 1 | 0.99 (.97–1.02) | 0.98 (.94–1.01) | 1.02 (.97–1.07) | 0.99 (.97–1.01) | 0.98 (.96–1.01) | 1.01 (.97–1.04) | 1.00 (.93–1.09) | 1.00 (.89–1.11) | 1.01 (.89–1.15) |
| Model 2 | 0.99 (.96–1.03) | 0.98 (.94–1.02) | 1.01 (.95–1.07) | 0.98 (.95–1.01) | 0.98 (.94–1.02) | 0.99 (.93–1.04) | 1.01 (.91–1.12) | 1.04 (.91–1.19) | 0.92 (.76–1.13) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAC, coronary artery calcium score; CI, confidence interval; CP, calcified plaque score; CTA, computed tomography angiography; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MP, mixed plaque score; NCP, noncalcified plaque score.
(NOTE: Model 1 adjusted for age, race, and CVD risk factors. Model 2 adjusted for age, race, CVD risk factors, and BMI. OR = odds ratio per 10-units increase in fat volume. For HIV-infected participants, model 2 additionally adjusted for HIV-related factors.)
a Sample size for coronary CTA measurements: all = 707, HIV+ = 435, HIV− = 272.
b Within tSAT analysis, sample size: all = 708, HIV+ = 435, HIV− = 273.
c HIV interaction P < .05.
d HIV interaction P ≤ .01.
*P < .05; **P < .01.