Table 5.
Associations Between Extent of Coronary Plaque (Among Men With Plaque Present) and Body Fat Depotsa
| Plaque Type, Analytic Model | Visceral Adipose Tissue |
Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue |
Thigh Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | HIV+ | HIV− | All | HIV+ | HIV− | All | HIV+ | HIV− | |
| Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | Estimate (SE) | |
| CAC | N = 486 | N = 314 | N = 172 | N = 486 | N = 314 | N = 172 | N = 487 | N = 314 | N = 173 |
| Model 1 | 0.01 (0.01) | 0.002 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.02) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.003 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.03) | −0.01 (0.04) | −0.05 (0.04) |
| Model 2 | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.02) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.0001 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.02) | −0.08* (0.04) | −0.03 (0.05) | −0.11 (0.06) |
| Noncalcified Plaque (NCP) | N = 423 | N = 277 | N = 146 | N = 423 | N = 277 | N = 146 | N = 423 | N = 277 | N = 146 |
| Model 1 | 0.003 (0.004) | −0.004 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.002 (0.003) | −0.004 (0.003) | 0.003 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.02) | 0.01 (0.02) |
| Model 2 | 0.003 (0.01) | −0.004 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.004 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.02) | −0.03 (0.03) |
| Calcified Plaque (CP) | N = 251 | N = 148 | N = 103 | N = 251 | N = 148 | N = 103 | N = 251 | N = 148 | N = 103 |
| Model 1 | −0.001 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.001 (0.004) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.003 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.02) | 0.0003 (0.03) | −0.03 (0.03) |
| Model 2 | −0.004 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.002 (0.01) | −0.002 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.06 (0.04) |
| Mixed Plaque (MP) | N = 234 | N = 151 | N = 83 | N = 234 | N = 151 | N = 83 | N = 235 | N = 151 | N = 84 |
| Model 1 | 0.003 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.002 (0.01) | −0.002b (0.004) | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.03) |
| Model 2 | 0.002 (0.01) | 0.02 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.01) | −0.01b (0.01) | −0.02 (0.01) | 0.002 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.02) | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.02 (0.04) |
| Total Plaque Score | N = 538 | N = 337 | N = 201 | N = 538 | N = 337 | N = 201 | N = 539 | N = 337 | N = 202 |
| Model 1 | 0.002 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01) | −0.01* (0.003) | −0.01* (0.004) | 0.001 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.01) | −0.02 (0.02) | −0.004 (0.02) |
| Model 2 | 0.002 (0.01) | 0.001 (0.01) | −0.0002 (0.01) | −0.01** (0.004) | −0.02** (0.01) | −0.01 (0.01) | −0.04* (0.02) | −0.03 (0.02) | −0.05 (0.03) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CAC, coronary artery calcium score; CP, calcified plaque score; CV, cardiovascular; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MP, mixed plaque score; NCP, noncalcified plaque score; SE, standard error.
a Point estimates represent magnitude and direction of fat/plaque relationships, with significant relationships (P < .05) in bold. Model 1 adjusted for age, race, CV risk factors. Model 2 adjusted for age, race, CV risk factors, and BMI. Estimates represent mean change in log-plaque score per 10-units increase in fat volume.
b HIV interaction P < 0.05.
*P < .05; **P < .01.